How is Alzheimer's treated?

Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
Updated on January 17, 2025
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The treatment of Alzheimer's disease mainly includes the following aspects. First, enhance care to prevent accidents. Patients with Alzheimer's may get lost, forget to turn off fires or gas, etc., so it is essential to strengthen care to prevent accidents. Second, encourage the elderly to read more books and newspapers and enhance learning, which can effectively slow down the progression. Third, have the elderly interact more with others and exercise more. This can strengthen their physical health and, to some extent, delay the development of Alzheimer's disease. Another aspect is drug treatment, which mainly includes acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and some NMDA receptor antagonists. These can improve the symptoms to some extent and enhance the quality of life. Additionally, in the later stages of Alzheimer's, some psychiatric symptoms such as visual hallucinations and aggressive behavior like hitting or yelling may occur. Appropriate atypical antipsychotic drugs can be administered for treatment.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Alzheimer's disease is also called dementia.

Alzheimer's disease, also known as dementia in the elderly, was first identified abroad and thus named after the discoverer, Alzheimer. It is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in neurology, with a very high incidence among people over 65 in China and worldwide. The disease mainly affects patients' cognitive functions. Initially, patients do not meet the criteria for dementia and primarily exhibit a decline in memory. As the disease progresses, the decline in memory worsens, and patients begin to forget both recent and past events. Additionally, they may experience impairments in visuospatial abilities, judgment, comprehension, and learning capabilities. In the later stages, psychiatric symptoms and personality changes may appear, such as visual hallucinations, shouting, and gesturing wildly, among various other clinical manifestations.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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What is the full name of dementia?

Senile dementia mainly refers to Alzheimer's disease, a condition with a relatively high incidence rate among the elderly population, and it is the most common neurodegenerative disease. The specific causes and mechanisms of this disease are not particularly clear. Under the influence of various factors, degeneration and death of the temporal lobe, hippocampus, and neurons occur, leading to a series of clinical manifestations. Initially, it mainly manifests as a decline in recent memory function, often forgetting recent events. As the disease progresses, there is a decline in calculating ability and judgment, significant spatial dysfunction, personality changes, and psychiatric symptoms.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Late-stage symptoms of senile dementia

Elderly dementia generally refers to Alzheimer's disease. This disease begins slowly and progressively worsens, with symptoms becoming increasingly severe. In the later stages of dementia, symptoms are numerous, mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, patients may exhibit significant personality changes. For example, a person who was originally gentle may become irritable and prone to aggressive behaviors such as hitting or yelling at others, and may even experience incontinence. Second, a patient's overall cognitive functions completely collapse, with a comprehensive decline in memory, as well as significant impairments in computational abilities, judgment, and comprehension. There are also problems with time orientation, with patients unable to distinguish between day and night. Additionally, patients may experience severe malnutrition, develop bedsores, and suffer from serious complications such as pulmonary infections and urinary tract infections.

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Written by Guan Yu Hua
Orthopedic Surgery
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Is spinal bifida prone to dementia?

Spina bifida is a common congenital malformation caused by incomplete closure of the vertebral canal during embryonic development. If the spina bifida is occult, it does not affect anything and does not cause dementia. If it is overt spina bifida, it can be diagnosed through physical examination, and confirmed with radiographic examination, CT, or MRI. Typically, the patient has a swelling along the midline of the back, which grows as they age. The cystic tension increases when the child cries, and may be accompanied by varying degrees of flaccid paralysis of the lower limbs and incontinence. Occult spina bifida generally has no symptoms and does not require intervention. However, overt spina bifida is best treated surgically, or if the occult spina bifida is accompanied by spinal cord tethering, then surgical treatment is recommended as it would be for all cases of overt spina bifida. In cases where the cyst wall is very thin and ruptured, emergency surgery is necessary and can be curative. For other cases, surgery within one to three months is optimal to prevent aggravation of the condition due to cyst rupture. Generally, adult patients with stable conditions in recent years may not need surgery.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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precursors of senile dementia

The diagnosis of senile dementia must first meet the diagnostic criteria for dementia, primarily characterized by impairment in multiple cognitive areas such as memory, language skills, executive function, and computational ability, and these impairments affect daily life; this is called senile dementia. Before dementia occurs, there are some precursory signs, mainly slight declines in memory. For example, patients might occasionally forget to bring keys when going out, or forget to turn off the stove while cooking. These mild memory impairments are some of the precursors to senile dementia. Additionally, there is a decline in learning ability, including the symptoms of learning new knowledge and mastering new skills; these declines are also precursors to senile dementia. Therefore, the precursors of senile dementia can primarily be summarized as a slight decline in memory function and some slight decline in learning ability.