How to Test for Allergens in Allergic Rhinitis

Written by Li Rui
Otolaryngology
Updated on September 20, 2024
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Allergic rhinitis is considered an autoimmune disease, mainly triggered by the body's immune response after contact with allergens, leading to related clinical symptoms such as itchy nose, runny nose, and sneezing. Generally, it is necessary to conduct an allergen test. Currently, there are mainly two methods for allergen screening. The first is the skin prick test, and the second is a blood test. Both methods are commonly used clinically. Relatively speaking, the skin prick test may induce higher risks of side effects or allergies. Some patients may need to undergo both tests and look at the results comprehensively, but most patients can choose one of the two.

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Babies generally start adding supplementary food between four to six months old. Some children may exhibit symptoms after introducing additional foods, which resemble those caused by allergies. These symptoms primarily appear on the skin, in the oral cavity, digestive tract, and respiratory tract. They might present in one area or multiple areas. The most common symptoms include constipation, bloating, vomiting, diarrhea, and pain. Additionally, manifestations on the skin can include eczema, severe cases may develop urticaria or other types of allergic dermatitis.

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Drug allergy symptoms

Drug allergies mainly manifest as skin itching, red rash, and papules; severe cases may experience ulceration, exfoliative dermatitis, in the respiratory system it may present as nasal congestion, breathing difficulties, and laryngeal edema; in the digestive system, patients may experience abdominal pain and diarrhea, sometimes accompanied by joint pain and swelling, immune dysfunction, and the occurrence of allergic purpura. Some drug allergies can cause neurological reactions, such as dizziness and headaches. When a drug allergy occurs, immediately stop using the suspected medication, and simultaneously take anti-allergy medications such as loratadine, cetirizine, or administer diphenhydramine via muscular injection. Oral intake of compound glycyrrhizin capsules may be considered. If there is laryngeal edema, it is crucial to seek prompt medical attention at a hospital, actively manage the allergy, and severe cases may require a tracheotomy for rescue. (Specific medication usage should be conducted under the guidance of a doctor, and medications should not be used without authorization.)

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Can you have an allergic reaction to alcohol just by smelling it?

People with alcohol allergies might also experience allergic reactions just from the smell of alcohol, which is related to individual physical constitutions. Generally, alcohol allergies occur after contact with alcohol or after consuming it. However, individuals with poor health and an allergic constitution might experience allergic reactions when exposed to the smell of alcohol, such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fatigue. In such cases, it is advisable to immediately leave the environment where the alcohol smell is present and rest in a place with good air circulation and drink more water. If the symptoms do not improve, it is necessary to seek further medical treatment at a hospital. Regularly drinking more water and exercising appropriately to strengthen the physique is recommended, and if necessary, visiting a hospital to check for allergens might be needed.

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How to treat allergies?

Allergies are of various types, and it is essential first to identify and eliminate the allergen. Allergy immunotherapy can be given, or symptoms can be alleviated through allergy medications. It's crucial to target the treatment specifically, avoid re-exposure to allergens during treatment to prevent worsening of the condition. If there is an allergic reaction on the face, try to avoid using topical medications containing corticosteroid hormones. If the allergy is severe, it is recommended to seek investigation and management at a formal medical institution. In daily life, pay attention to diet and lifestyle, and avoid contact with allergenic foods.