What precautions should epilepsy patients take?

Written by Tang Bo
Neurology
Updated on September 16, 2024
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Patients with epilepsy should pay attention to establishing regular daily routines and avoid staying up late. They should not participate in potentially dangerous activities such as climbing or swimming. Also, they should minimize consumption of stimulating beverages like cola, Sprite, Red Bull, and coffee. It is advisable to eat more vegetables and fruits and reduce the intake of spicy and stimulating foods. Maintaining a regular life schedule is important, and playing electronic devices or using mobile phones for extended periods should be avoided. All sorts of exciting situations can easily trigger an epileptic seizure, so it is crucial to eat regularly without becoming too hungry or too full. Moreover, taking anti-epileptic drugs regularly and following medical guidance from doctors at the hospital is necessary.

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Written by Shi De Quan
Neurology
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What is an effective treatment for epilepsy?

To effectively treat epilepsy, it is crucial to adhere to the principles of medication use and cessation. First, epilepsy medication should generally be administered for one to two years without seizures before gradually reducing the dose. If seizures reoccur after dose reduction, or if there is significant worsening on electroencephalography (EEG), the dosage should be restored. If switching medications, take both medications concurrently for about a week, then gradually reduce the original medication to cessation while increasing the new medication to an effective dose. These are the principles of medication exchange and use. Then, consider the principles for attempting medication cessation. Generally, medication should not be ceased any earlier than one year and abrupt cessation should be avoided to prevent epilepticus status. If there is clear organic brain disease, persistent positive neurological signs, or continuous mental disorders with abnormal EEG readings, lifelong medication may be necessary. Some suggest that individuals older than 30 should be cautious about stopping medication. Since the recurrence rate upon cessation can exceed 50%, lifelong medication may be necessary.

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Written by Yuan Jun Li
Neurology
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What are the symptoms of abdominal epilepsy?

Patients with abdominal epilepsy can experience abdominal pain, and some may show symptoms of bloating, nausea, and vomiting, as well as diarrhea. Abdominal epilepsy is a type of epilepsy, commonly seen in children and adolescents. The symptoms generally recur and last mostly from three to five minutes. If the symptoms last more than five minutes, it is usually called a status epilepticus, and some antiepileptic drugs can be used to control the seizures. After an epileptic episode, an EEG might show spike-and-wave patterns. If the EEG is normal, a dynamic EEG can be conducted, which might increase the positive diagnostic rate for patients.

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Written by Yuan Jun Li
Neurology
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What are the signs before the onset of epilepsy?

Before the onset of epilepsy, most patients do not exhibit any signs and can suddenly experience an epileptic seizure. Different types of epilepsy have different symptoms. For example, during a major seizure, symptoms can include limb twitching, eyes rolling upwards, frothing at the mouth, clenched teeth, loss of consciousness, and abnormal blood pressure, which can lead to severe falls and injuries. During a minor seizure, the patient mainly shows transient loss of consciousness, objects in hand may suddenly drop, unresponsiveness when called, and a vacant stare. Most patients do not fall, and the symptoms generally last for only a few seconds to tens of seconds. If autonomic epileptic seizures are considered, symptoms may include nausea and vomiting. Psychotic symptom seizures can present with hallucinations and delusions.

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Written by Tang Bo
Neurology
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What are the clinical manifestations of epilepsy?

Epilepsy is caused by abnormal discharges of brain cells, and the symptoms and clinical manifestations vary depending on the area of discharge. Main symptoms can include sudden loss of consciousness, rigidity followed by clonic convulsions, and may also involve cyanosis or purpling of the face, tongue biting, frothing at the mouth, urinary incontinence, dilated pupils, continuing for several seconds to minutes before stopping. This condition is called a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Some patients may also experience sudden brief loss of consciousness and interruption of ongoing actions, with a blank stare and unresponsive to calls. They may perform simple automatic actions like swallowing or chewing. Generally, there is no falling, and the patient has no memory of the episode afterwards. This type of seizure is known as an absence seizure. Additionally, some may experience rigidity and clonic convulsions in one limb or a localized area, etc.

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Written by Tang Bo
Neurology
57sec home-news-image

What precautions should epilepsy patients take?

Patients with epilepsy should pay attention to establishing regular daily routines and avoid staying up late. They should not participate in potentially dangerous activities such as climbing or swimming. Also, they should minimize consumption of stimulating beverages like cola, Sprite, Red Bull, and coffee. It is advisable to eat more vegetables and fruits and reduce the intake of spicy and stimulating foods. Maintaining a regular life schedule is important, and playing electronic devices or using mobile phones for extended periods should be avoided. All sorts of exciting situations can easily trigger an epileptic seizure, so it is crucial to eat regularly without becoming too hungry or too full. Moreover, taking anti-epileptic drugs regularly and following medical guidance from doctors at the hospital is necessary.