The treatment of hydrocephalus must clearly identify the severity of the condition. Hydrocephalus can be categorized into acute and chronic types. In cases of acute hydrocephalus, emergency ventricular puncture drainage surgery is required, otherwise, it may cause brain herniation leading to death. For chronic hydrocephalus, it is crucial to distinguish whether it is communicating hydrocephalus or obstructive hydrocephalus. For obstructive hydrocephalus, treatment options include creating a patency in the cerebral aqueduct and third ventriculostomy. For other types of hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery can be performed. Therefore, it is essential to clearly determine the type of hydrocephalus to fundamentally select the appropriate surgical methods and instruments.