How is endometrial cancer diagnosed?

Written by Tang Mei Xiang
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 13, 2024
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Endometrial cancer often manifests as vaginal bleeding after menopause, and in women who have not experienced menopause, it often presents as menstrual irregularities. The diagnostic methods for endometrial cancer include the following: 1. Fractional curettage is the most important method for diagnosing endometrial cancer. First, scrape the cervical canal, then sequentially scrape the endometrial tissue from each part of the uterine body, label the specimens separately, and send them for pathological examination together. 2. Cytological examination is a method for screening for endometrial cancer. A specially made uterine cavity suction tube or brush is inserted into the uterine cavity to collect secretions for cytological culture. 3. Hysteroscopic examination allows direct observation of the growth of endometrial lesions and can also obtain live tissue for pathological examination. It involves pelvic ultrasound examination to understand the size of the lesion, surrounding infiltration, etc. 5. Other methods, such as lymphangiography, CT, MRI, and serum CA125 testing.

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Written by Li Li Jie
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Is endometrial tofu dregs-like a sign of endometrial cancer?

Endometrial cancer usually manifests in five main aspects. First, irregular vaginal bleeding, which is typically light but can be moderate in some patients. If the patient is postmenopausal, the bleeding often appears as either continuous or intermittent. Second, menstrual disorders, which are a common symptom of endometrial cancer as it is a malignant tumor occurring in the endometrium and significantly affects menstruation. Third, vaginal discharge, where some patients may experience a discharge of thin, white secretions, or a very small amount of bloody discharge in the early stages of the disease. Fourth, pain; once a patient develops endometrial cancer, the tumor may cause bleeding and possibly lead to infection. Fifth, abdominal masses, which can occur if there is a combination of large uterine fibroids or in advanced stages, potentially leading to the formation of large masses in the pelvic cavity due to the spread of a uterine cavity abscess.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How is endometrial cancer diagnosed?

In the clinical setting, when endometrial cancer is suspected, further pathological examination is required. Generally, endometrial tissue can be obtained through fractional curettage or hysteroscopic endometrial biopsy. The acquired endometrium is then subject to a pathological examination, observing the morphology of the endometrial cells under a microscope. If cancer cells are detected, a diagnosis of endometrial cancer can be made. Therefore, the confirmation of endometrial cancer in clinical practice must be based on pathological examination.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How to perform surgery for endometrial cancer

Surgical treatment for endometrial cancer needs to be determined based on the specific stage and type of the cancer, as well as the size of the lesions. If the lesions are small and the cancer is in an early stage, a complete hysterectomy including the removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries can be performed. Intraoperative pathology assessment of the endometrium is also necessary to determine the specific pathological type. If it is a special type of endometrial cancer, it is also necessary to clear the pelvic lymph nodes. If the endometrial cancer is at a later stage and the lesions are larger, then in addition to the removal of the uterus and both fallopian tubes and ovaries, it is also necessary to clear the lymph nodes around the abdominal aorta in the pelvis.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Tang Mei Xiang
Obstetrics and Gynecology
1min 25sec home-news-image

How is endometrial cancer diagnosed?

Endometrial cancer often manifests as vaginal bleeding after menopause, and in women who have not experienced menopause, it often presents as menstrual irregularities. The diagnostic methods for endometrial cancer include the following: 1. Fractional curettage is the most important method for diagnosing endometrial cancer. First, scrape the cervical canal, then sequentially scrape the endometrial tissue from each part of the uterine body, label the specimens separately, and send them for pathological examination together. 2. Cytological examination is a method for screening for endometrial cancer. A specially made uterine cavity suction tube or brush is inserted into the uterine cavity to collect secretions for cytological culture. 3. Hysteroscopic examination allows direct observation of the growth of endometrial lesions and can also obtain live tissue for pathological examination. It involves pelvic ultrasound examination to understand the size of the lesion, surrounding infiltration, etc. 5. Other methods, such as lymphangiography, CT, MRI, and serum CA125 testing.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
44sec home-news-image

Early symptoms of endometrial cancer

When endometrial cancer occurs in women, it first manifests as abnormal proliferation of the endometrium, increased endometrial surface area, and increased secretions, which can increase the pressure inside the uterine cavity, leading to lower abdominal pain in women. Most women can tolerate this pain, but it tends to worsen during vigorous activities or sexual intercourse. Vaginal discharge may become watery and increase. Additionally, some women may experience increased menstrual flow or irregular vaginal bleeding. Over time, this can lead to blood loss anemia in women, manifesting as dizziness, fatigue, and changes in appetite.