What are the causes of prostate cancer?

Written by Zhou Zi Hua

Oncology

Updated on September 20, 2024

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At present, there are many factors that cause prostate cancer, but its exact etiology remains unclear. It may be related to genetic factors, gene changes, prostate gonococcal and chlamydial infections, intensity of sexual activity, and the influence of hormones. Additionally, dietary habits, long-term consumption of high-fat foods, and occupational hazards, such as excessive exposure to chromium, may also be related to the development of the disease.

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Written by Liu Liang

Oncology

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Is prostate cancer prone to metastasis?

Prostate cancer most commonly metastasizes to bones, with multiple bone metastases frequently observed clinically. In fact, the majority of prostate cancer patients already have multiple bone metastases by the time they are diagnosed. Therefore, bone is the most common distant organ to which prostate cancer spreads. Other distant organ metastases, such as to the lungs and liver, are less common, unless in very advanced stages of the disease. Additionally, prostate cancer commonly invades locally, spreading to nearby pelvic structures and tissues, such as the bladder and rectum, which is a common form of local invasion and spread.

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Written by Zhou Zi Hua

Oncology

34sec

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How is prostate cancer detected?

Digital rectal examination combined with PSA testing is currently recognized as the best screening method for the early detection of prostate cancer. Currently, systematic prostate needle biopsy is the most reliable method for diagnosing prostate cancer. In addition, prostate cancer MRI plays an important role in clinical staging. There is also a whole-body nuclear bone marrow scan that can detect the most common metastatic sites of prostate cancer, including bone metastases.

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Written by Liu Liang

Oncology

50sec

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Is chemotherapy for prostate cancer painful?

For patients with advanced prostate cancer, endocrine therapy is primarily used. Chemotherapy is generally chosen when endocrine therapy is resistant and ineffective. The side effects of chemotherapy are similar to those of other chemotherapy treatments. The first is the gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, or bloating and abdominal pain. The second is bone marrow suppression, which leads to a decrease in white blood cells and platelets. The side effects of chemotherapy vary with each patient's constitution and other factors. In most cases, with the support of medications for stomach protection, anti-nausea, and increasing white blood cells, the majority of patients can generally tolerate the treatment.

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Written by Zhou Zi Hua

Oncology

27sec

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Late-stage prostate cancer with bone metastases: how long can one survive?

Bone metastasis is the most common site of metastasis for prostate cancer. If prostate cancer has metastasized to the bones, it means it is not in its early stages but has entered the advanced stages. However, this type of tumor is not like others with a higher degree of malignancy. If it has a good sensitivity to hormone therapy, after our standardized treatment, the survival time can still be quite long.

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Written by Zhou Zi Hua

Oncology

40sec

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Prostate Cancer Treatment Options

How is prostate cancer treated? The choice of treatment plan should be based on a comprehensive consideration of the patient's clinical stage, age, overall health, and expected lifespan. For example, in the early stages of prostate cancer, one can choose postoperative radical radiotherapy after prostatectomy. For locally advanced prostate cancer, radiotherapy, intensified radiotherapy combined with endocrine therapy can be chosen. For metastatic prostate cancer, endocrine therapy is mainly used, and chemotherapy can be adopted for those who are ineffective or fail endocrine therapy.