Can an anal abscess be cured by taking medicine?

Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on September 06, 2024
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An anal abscess is formed due to repeated infections within the anal crypts, resulting in localized pus or an encapsulated abscess. During an episode, the patient experiences severe pain, strong positive tenderness, and notable swelling, heat, and pain around the anal area. In severe cases, it can affect normal sitting and even walking activities. When an anal abscess occurs, it generally requires prompt surgical incision and drainage followed by definitive surgery. Relying solely on oral or topical medications cannot completely cure an anal abscess and only serves to alleviate symptoms. Post-surgery for an anal abscess usually involves local dressing changes to prevent pseudohealing and maintain proper drainage of the wound.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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How to eliminate a perianal abscess mass?

Perianal abscess nodules are primarily caused by inflammatory infections that lead to local fibrosis, which then forms the nodules. For these nodules, it is recommended to employ a one-time radical cure surgery for perianal abscesses, mainly to remove the internal opening and the inflamed infected tissues. Since a perianal abscess can form a fistula after bursting on its own, failing to completely remove the infected tissue may lead to the development of anal fistulas later. Therefore, clinically, for perianal abscess nodules, it is advised to treat them with a one-time radical cure surgery for perianal abscesses. Post-surgery, medications such as anal washes and red oil ointment gauze strips are chosen for dressing changes. As for early-stage perianal abscess nodules, these are mainly inflammatory infections causing red and swollen lumps, which gradually turn into purulent and liquefied masses. Once suppuration occurs, they can be opened and drained, thereby causing the nodules to disappear. The nodules formed after incision and drainage are mainly considered to be from inflammatory spread to fibrotic tissue, and thus, surgical removal is required in these cases.

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Colorectal Surgery
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Does a perianal abscess require hospitalization?

Perianal abscess is a common acute onset disease in proctology. If surgery is performed for a perianal abscess, it is recommended that the patient be hospitalized. Hospitalization observation is mainly for the local wound, to prevent recurrence and infection, and to ensure early proper wound dressing and drainage work, laying a good foundation for granulation growth post-surgery. The general hospitalization duration is about one week to ten days. In some cases, where the symptoms are severe or the abscess cavity is large, the hospital stay may extend to 20 days. During hospitalization, it is necessary for a professional proctologist to disinfect and change dressings of the local wound, and it is important to wash with saline water after each bowel movement.

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Colorectal Surgery
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Can a perianal abscess heal by itself?

During the acute phase of a perianal abscess, there is significant local redness, swelling, heat, and pain around the anus. Generally, this condition is caused by an infection of the anal crypts, and the possibility of self-healing is very low, so the main treatment for a perianal abscess is surgery. The surgical approach usually involves incision and drainage of the perianal abscess, combined with a one-time curative surgery. If the abscess ruptures and forms an anal fistula, surgical treatment is also required. During the outbreak of a perianal abscess, due to the severe local pain, it is advisable to undergo surgery as soon as possible to prevent further spread of the abscess. Simple topical medications can only relieve the symptoms of local inflammatory infection and cannot achieve a cure.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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How to operate on a perianal abscess

The surgical methods for perianal abscess vary depending on the location of the lesion. If it is a simple ischiorectal fossa subcutaneous abscess, a one-time incision and drainage surgery is generally used. The local wound is debrided and necrotic tissue is removed. After trimming the wound, it is important to maintain clear drainage of the local wound. Local application of gauze strips for compression and drainage treatment can be used. If the abscess is in the ischioanal fossa or the pelvirectal space, considering that the location of the lesion is deep, a one-time incision and seton drainage radical surgery may be required for the perianal abscess. Post-surgery, thorough disinfection and drainage of the local wound are also necessary.

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Colorectal Surgery
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How to treat recurrent perianal abscess?

If a perianal abscess has already been treated surgically, it is necessary to develop good dietary and bowel habits postoperatively to reduce the likelihood of recurrence. However, recurrence may still occur due to poor diet and bowel habits of the patient. If there is pain or discomfort at the site of the local wound of the perianal abscess, it is advisable to go to the hospital as soon as possible for an anal examination and perianal ultrasound to confirm if it has recurred. If it is confirmed to have recurred, early surgical treatment is necessary to prevent further expansion of the local infection focus or aggravation of the infection, which would increase the difficulty of treatment later.