Pertussis and measles transmission pathways

Written by Li Jian Wu
Pulmonology
Updated on December 01, 2024
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Pertussis and measles are two types of diseases, both of which are respiratory infectious diseases. Pertussis is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae or Bordetella pertussis, while measles is an acute, infectious disease caused by the measles virus. Transmission mainly occurs through close contact with infected individuals and via airborne droplets, and it is commonly seen in infants and young children under the age of five. Prevention of these diseases is primarily through vaccination, and once the disease occurs, it is important to promptly treat the infection with anti-inflammatory or antiviral treatments, while also managing the symptoms accordingly.

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Written by Li Jian Wu
Pulmonology
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How long is the contagious period of whooping cough?

The contagious period for whooping cough typically requires about 20-40 days and should be determined based on the amount of Bordetella pertussis bacteria in the body and the patient's constitution. Being a respiratory infectious disease, it spreads through the patient's coughs, sneezes, and discharge of secretions. If a person with a weak constitution and no antibodies comes into contact with the pathogen, healthy individuals might become infected and develop the disease, which is most commonly seen in infants under five years old. Thus, prevention is crucial for this disease. Vaccination should be administered at three months of age, and after antibodies are produced, reinfection generally does not occur.

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Written by Yan Xin Liang
Pediatrics
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Symptoms and Treatment of Whooping Cough in Children

The common symptoms of whooping cough are coughing, prolonged coughing, and spasmodic coughing, which ends with a crowing sound, and it mainly occurs during the night. The face may turn bright red during coughing, which is a typical symptom of whooping cough. For treatment, in the early stages of whooping cough, erythromycin is definitely used and can be effective. However, in pediatrics, if the whooping cough has lasted for a long time, the effectiveness of the treatment is relatively not as good. If the coughing period is long and medication is used in the middle to late stages, even with some treatment, it might still continue for two to three months. Although treatments like cough suppressants and expectorants can alleviate the symptoms, a cough usually still persists to some degree.

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Written by Li Jian Wu
Pulmonology
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Can whooping cough get better without treatment?

Can whooping cough recover without treatment? There is individual variation in clinical cases. If the patient has mild symptoms, it is possible for them to recover on their own without treatment. If the symptoms are more typical, timely anti-inflammatory treatment is necessary; otherwise, it may lead to other complications. If there are no complications and the immune system is normal, natural recovery may also be possible, but the duration of the illness will likely be longer. Treatment decisions should primarily consider the patient's resistance and general physique. From a health perspective, once diagnosed, it is necessary to promptly use macrolide antibiotics to eliminate the Bordetella pertussis bacteria.

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Written by Li Jian Wu
Pulmonology
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Treatment methods for pertussis in children

The treatment methods for pertussis in children mainly involve anti-inflammatory processes, along with etiological treatment. Pertussis in children typically requires the selection of antimicrobial drugs to eradicate Bordetella pertussis. Clinically, macrolide antibiotics are primarily chosen, such as erythromycin, azithromycin, or clarithromycin. Also, depending on the nature of the cough, some central antitussive agents or cough and phlegm relieving drugs can be used to alleviate the symptoms of cough. Additionally, in the acute phase of inflammation where fever is present, antipyretic analgesics should be taken for symptomatic treatment. (Medication use should be under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Li Jian Wu
Pulmonology
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What causes fever in pertussis?

Pertussis, a symptom caused by the infection of Corynebacterium diphtheriae or Bordetella pertussis, facilitates the presence of these substantive pathogens in the body. These pathogens stimulate the body's temperature regulation center, leading to immune fever symptoms. This is a reaction where the body's resistance is fighting against these pathogens, causing a rise in body temperature which is considered normal. During the acute phase, symptomatic treatment should be administered. At the same time, based on the type of infectious pathogen, a sensitive antimicrobial agent should be chosen for etiological treatment. Additionally, it's important to drink plenty of fluids and maintain clean indoor air.