The seven items of infertility are as follows:

Written by Kang Jian Hua

Reproductive Center

Updated on September 12, 2024

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In the examination items for infertility, the seven-item infertility tests are often mentioned. These seven tests include: anti-sperm antibody test, anti-endometrial antibody test, anti-zona pellucida antibody test, anti-trophoblast antibody test, anti-chorionic gonadotropin antibody test, anti-zinc ion antibody test, and anti-ovarian antibody test. Each of these tests targets different conditions. The anti-sperm antibody test and anti-endometrial antibody test are mainly used for the auxiliary diagnosis of immunological infertility. The anti-trophoblast antibody test is mainly used for diagnosing recurrent miscarriage. The anti-chorionic antibody test is primarily for the diagnostic examination of threatened miscarriage. The anti-zona pellucida antibody test is used mainly for the auxiliary diagnosis of premature ovarian failure. The anti-ovarian antibody test is used for conditions such as premature ovarian failure, infertility, menstrual disorders, etc. The anti-chorionic antibody test plays a role in the diagnosis of threatened miscarriage, and the anti-zinc ion antibody test is used for recurrent miscarriage and stillbirth and other related diseases.

Other Voices

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Written by Shen Li Wen

Obstetrics and Gynecology

1min 4sec

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What are the symptoms of infertility?

There are many causes of infertility, so depending on different reasons, the clinical manifestations also vary. For instance, some women suffer from infertility due to abnormal ovulation, which could manifest as abnormalities in the menstrual cycle such as prolonged absence of menstruation, like in polycystic ovary syndrome, or irregular vaginal bleeding. Some women have uterine factors that cause infertility, such as common post-multiple intrauterine operations leading to intrauterine adhesions, where a woman might experience reduced menstrual flow or even amenorrhea, accompanied by painful menstruation. Additionally, infertility in some women might be due to cervical factors, possibly presenting with thick vaginal discharge, contact bleeding, or blood-tinged discharge. Partially, some women might have ovarian endometriomas, which can cause severe painful menstruation and increased menstrual volume, among other symptoms.

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Written by Zhao Min Ying

Reproductive Medicine

1min 43sec

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How does infertility arise?

Couples who live together and have normal sexual relations without any contraceptive measures for over a year are diagnosed with female infertility in the case of the woman, and male infertility in the case of the man. Infertility is related to many factors. For men, the main factors are abnormalities in the semen, which include low sperm count, weak sperm motility or even a complete absence of sperm, as well as sexual dysfunction, where various factors prevent the completion of normal sexual activities. For women, the main factors include, first, ovulatory disorders, which are primarily abnormalities in menstruation, although some may have normal menstruation but still experience ovulatory disorders. Second, factors related to the fallopian tubes; these can include previous conditions like pelvic inflammatory disease, appendicitis, etc., or infections caused during procedures involving the uterine cavity leading to blockages in the fallopian tubes, which can be diagnosed via hysterosalpingography. Third, conditions such as endometriosis and adenomyosis, which can also affect the chances of pregnancy. Fourth, factors related to the uterus, such as uterine fibroids, polyps, and malformations, which can create barriers to pregnancy. Lastly, some immunological factors, including antisperm antibodies or other antibody factors, etc.

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Written by Kang Jian Hua

Reproductive Center

31sec

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Can infertility be cured?

Infertility is mostly curable, and the causes can stem from the male partner, the female partner, or both. The first step is to identify the cause, and then under the guidance of a specialist, different treatment methods are adopted according to different causes. Common treatments include medication, surgical treatment, and when necessary, assisted reproductive technologies can be used. Assisted reproductive technologies have been a beacon of hope for many infertile couples, allowing them to successfully conceive and fulfill their desires to have children.

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Written by Kang Jian Hua

Reproductive Center

1min 28sec

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The seven items of infertility are as follows:

In the examination items for infertility, the seven-item infertility tests are often mentioned. These seven tests include: anti-sperm antibody test, anti-endometrial antibody test, anti-zona pellucida antibody test, anti-trophoblast antibody test, anti-chorionic gonadotropin antibody test, anti-zinc ion antibody test, and anti-ovarian antibody test. Each of these tests targets different conditions. The anti-sperm antibody test and anti-endometrial antibody test are mainly used for the auxiliary diagnosis of immunological infertility. The anti-trophoblast antibody test is mainly used for diagnosing recurrent miscarriage. The anti-chorionic antibody test is primarily for the diagnostic examination of threatened miscarriage. The anti-zona pellucida antibody test is used mainly for the auxiliary diagnosis of premature ovarian failure. The anti-ovarian antibody test is used for conditions such as premature ovarian failure, infertility, menstrual disorders, etc. The anti-chorionic antibody test plays a role in the diagnosis of threatened miscarriage, and the anti-zinc ion antibody test is used for recurrent miscarriage and stillbirth and other related diseases.

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Written by Qiu Xin Hui

Traditional Chinese Medicine

44sec

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What to eat to regulate the body for cold-induced infertility?

Cold body infertility, in traditional Chinese medicine, is mainly caused by the deficiency of spleen and kidney yang. Clinically, this will manifest as a pattern of deficiency and coldness. At this time, one should first make adjustments through diet. The diet should include more warm foods and less raw, cold, especially frozen foods, and more animal-based foods, which are beneficial for the body, such as beef, lamb, dog meat, fish, shrimp, leeks, pepper, and Sichuan pepper, etc. At the same time, one should also engage in more physical exercise to get the body moving and slightly sweating, which can improve the cold constitution and increase the chance of conception.