Treatment methods for leukopenia

Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
Updated on September 11, 2024
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First, it is necessary to identify the cause of leukopenia. Common causes include viral infections and poor bone marrow hematopoiesis, and some medications can also cause this condition. Therefore, symptomatic treatment mainly involves the use of medications that increase white blood cells. For mild leukopenia, oral medications commonly used include Li Xuesheng, squalene, and Vitamin B4 to promote the proliferation of white blood cells. In more severe cases, granulocyte colony-stimulating factors may be used. Of course, the main method of treatment still depends on the different causes of each patient. Once leukopenia occurs, it is necessary to go to the hospital for an examination to clearly determine the cause of the decrease in white blood cells, so that targeted treatment can be provided. (Please use medications under the guidance of a professional physician and do not self-medicate.)

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What are the causes of leukopenia?

When the white blood cell count in peripheral blood is below 4.0 times 10 to the ninth power per liter, it is termed leukopenia. According to the cause, it can be divided into the following three aspects: First, disturbance in the production of white blood cells, including reduced proliferation of stem cells or regeneration disorders. Second, excessive destruction of white blood cells, such as from infections or immunological factors, leading to increased destruction of white blood cells. Third, abnormal distribution of white blood cells, due to various reasons, causes an increase in white blood cells in the marginal pool and a decrease in the circulating pool, which can also lead to leukopenia.

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Is leukopenia leukemia?

Leukopenia is not necessarily indicative of leukemia. There are many causes for a decrease in white blood cells, some of which can be due to medications. Currently, many drugs can cause a reduction in white blood cells, and in such cases, stopping the drug will typically allow the white blood cells to return to normal. A second scenario, especially in patients with an enlarged spleen or those suffering from cirrhosis, can also lead to a decrease in white blood cells. In these cases, it is mainly the abnormal function of the spleen that causes the reduction in white cells. Additionally, there are blood-related diseases, which might be leukemia or other types of blood disorders. In these situations, not only is there a reduction in white blood cells, but there is also a decrease in hemoglobin and platelets. Moreover, a significant increase in white blood cells is also a manifestation of leukemia, thus a decrease in white cells is not definitively indicative of leukemia.

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Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia are what diseases

Diseases caused by decreased white blood cells and platelets are often related to our hematological system, since both white blood cells and platelets are produced by our hematopoietic factors. When there is a decrease in both white blood cells and platelets, we generally consider that there might be an issue with our hematopoietic system. The most common conditions could be diseases related to the hematological system, such as leukemia, or aplastic anemia. These conditions can cause a decrease in the mentioned indices. Another disease is cirrhosis, especially in patients in the compensatory stage, which can lead to hyperfunctioning of the spleen. The spleen is also an immune organ, as well as a part of our hematopoietic system, so when the spleen is hyperactive, it can also result in decreased white blood cells and platelets.

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What are the symptoms of leukopenia?

The most common cause of leukopenia is viral infections, along with some severe bacterial infections. Common symptoms of viral and bacterial infections include dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, chills, fever, cough, expectoration, abdominal pain, diarrhea, urgent urination, and frequent urination. Generally, further examinations can be conducted through blood draws and routine tests of blood, urine, and stool cultures. If there is an accompanying hematological disease, such as thrombocytopenia, symptoms can include general weakness, body aches, and bone pain; further bone marrow examinations should be conducted.

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Can leukopenia cause fever?

Leukopenia can lead to fever. White blood cells are the guardians of the human body, protecting it against external invasions such as infections. When white blood cells are decreased, the patient's resistance to infections can be significantly reduced, making them particularly susceptible to infections. This can lead to fever, as often seen in hematological patients with leukopenia who frequently experience fevers due to their chronic infection states. Therefore, when leukopenia is accompanied by fever, it is advisable to seek hospital treatment as soon as possible, as proactive infection management is crucial.