What are the symptoms of rheumatic fever?

Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
Updated on September 14, 2024
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In the early stage of rheumatic fever, most patients show signs of infection, such as pharyngitis or tonsillitis. Patients with rheumatic fever often also experience fever, with body temperatures generally ranging from 38 to 40°C. Additionally, there may be migrating arthritis characterized by redness, swelling, warmth, pain, and limited mobility in the joints. Rheumatic fever patients may also suffer from cardiac valve lesions, primarily manifesting as valvulitis, myocarditis, or pericarditis, with damage to the valves being most common. Skin rashes, mainly presenting as ring-shaped erythema or subcutaneous nodules, can also occur. Some patients with rheumatic fever may experience chorea, which are among the primary symptoms of the condition.

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Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
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How to treat rheumatic fever?

Patients with rheumatic fever who develop a fever can first use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as sustained-release diclofenac sodium tablets for symptomatic fever reduction. At the same time, it is also necessary to actively treat the primary disease of rheumatic fever. If the rheumatic fever is induced by a streptococcal infection, additional anti-infection treatment is also needed. Furthermore, as rheumatic fever is also an autoimmune disease, while using NSAIDs to reduce fever, it is also necessary to add some immunosuppressants, such as methotrexate or leflunomide, to control the condition. Only on the basis of controlling the condition can rheumatic fever potentially be completely cured. (The use of medications should be under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
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Symptoms of recurrent rheumatic fever

Symptoms of recurrent rheumatic fever in the early stages may include fever and sore throat, similar to streptococcal infections. Later, patients may experience joint pain, some may develop ring-shaped erythema on the skin, and others may develop subcutaneous nodules. Severe cases may even exhibit symptoms such as carditis and chorea. If a previous rheumatic fever patient shows these symptoms, the possibility of recurrence should be considered. Treatment involves using antibiotics to eliminate streptococcal infections. Additionally, anti-inflammatory pain relievers should be used to manage joint pain. In severe cases, such as those with cardiac inflammation, corticosteroids may also be considered. (Please use medication under the guidance of a physician.)

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Written by Liu Li Ning
Rheumatology
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Does rheumatic fever cause night sweats?

Rheumatic fever can cause night sweats, but this symptom is not specific, as many patients with tuberculosis also experience night sweats. Rheumatic fever is a systemic inflammatory disease caused by Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Clinically, it commonly presents with symptoms like fever, joint pain, erythema marginatum, subcutaneous nodules, chorea, and carditis. During the acute phase of rheumatic fever, if there is joint pain, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used for treatment. If there is carditis, corticosteroids may be administered. For patients with rheumatic fever, long-term treatment with penicillin is also recommended, typically suggested for three to five years to control the disease.

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Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
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The difference between rheumatic fever and rheumatoid arthritis

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis primarily exhibit symmetrical swelling and pain in the small joints of both hands as the main clinical manifestations, with rarely any involvement of visceral organs. Blood tests can show elevated inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, as well as positive rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP antibodies, and AK antibodies. These indicators can be considered as diagnostic for rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with rheumatic fever, in addition to joint pain, often have cardiac complications, such as mitral stenosis or chorea-like symptoms. The main difference between rheumatic fever and internal rheumatism is that patients with rheumatic fever often have cardiac complications.

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Written by Liu Li Ning
Rheumatology
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How to quickly relieve rheumatic fever pain?

Rheumatic fever pain can be treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for rapid pain relief. NSAIDs are the first-line medications for treating rheumatic fever pain. Commonly used ones include diclofenac sodium sustained-release capsules, etoricoxib, meloxicam, or etodolac. These medications may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, so they cannot be used by patients with active peptic ulcers. If there are contraindications to using NSAIDs, pain relief can be achieved with medications such as tramadol or Aconitum alkaloid tablets. If rheumatic fever is accompanied by carditis, treatment with corticosteroids is also necessary. Since the onset of rheumatic fever is related to streptococcal infections, the use of penicillin antibiotics for anti-infection treatment is also recommended.