Patients with rheumatoid arthritis primarily exhibit symmetrical swelling and pain in the small joints of both hands as the main clinical manifestations, with rarely any involvement of visceral organs. Blood tests can show elevated inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, as well as positive rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP antibodies, and AK antibodies. These indicators can be considered as diagnostic for rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with rheumatic fever, in addition to joint pain, often have cardiac complications, such as mitral stenosis or chorea-like symptoms. The main difference between rheumatic fever and internal rheumatism is that patients with rheumatic fever often have cardiac complications.