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Li Hui Zhi
Endocrinology
About me
Graduated from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine with a major in Endocrinology, holding a Master's degree in Medicine. Have been engaged in clinical medicine and related scientific research work since graduation. Proficient in the diagnosis and treatment of various endocrine diseases, especially skilled in the treatment of diabetes and its complications, thyroid diseases, blood lipid disorders, gout, and osteoporosis.
Proficient in diseases
Familiar with the diagnosis and treatment of various endocrine diseases, especially skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and its various complications, thyroid diseases, blood lipid abnormalities, gout, and osteoporosis.
Voices
Type 2 diabetes daily diet
Type II diabetes requires careful daily dietary considerations. First, meals should be regular and moderate in portion; overeating is to be avoided. Second, ideally consume only three meals a day and avoid late-night snacks, which is a habit that many people have but is inadvisable. Third, the amount of carbohydrates per meal should be controlled; about 100 grams of staple food per meal is sufficient for those who perform moderate physical labor and do not engage in heavy physical activities. Fourth, sweet foods like pastries and cakes, which are high in sugar, should be completely avoided. Fifth, foods like porridge and glutinous rice, which have a high glycemic index, are not recommended. Lastly, very sweet fruits such as lychees, longans, durians, grapes, and bananas are too sugary and not suitable for consumption.
Early symptoms of type 2 diabetes
The typical symptoms of type 2 diabetes are referred to as "three excesses and one deficiency." The three excesses include excessive thirst and dry mouth, increased appetite with frequent hunger, and increased urination. The one deficiency refers to weight loss; these are the more typical symptoms. Some patients might often find out about their elevated blood sugar during routine health checks at work. Others may seek medical advice due to issues like skin itchiness or wounds that heal poorly after injury. Some might mainly experience numbness in their hands and feet, or blurred vision among other symptoms.
Can Hashimoto's thyroiditis heal itself?
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease that varies in severity. If a patient merely has elevated antibodies but normal thyroid function, there is no need for treatment; regular thyroid function monitoring is sufficient. If a patient has Hashimoto's thyroiditis combined with reduced thyroid function, they should visit an endocrinology specialist and timely supplement thyroid hormones. Therefore, it cannot be categorically stated whether it can be cured or not; it depends on the severity of the condition. Some patients, if their thyroid function is normal, need only monitor their thyroid function.
Dietary Guidance for Hyperuricemia
For hyperuricemia, it is generally recommended to adopt a low-calorie diet, control weight, and try to maintain an ideal weight. Secondly, avoid high-purine foods and opt for a diet low in purines. The third point encourages the use of some alkaline medications and strict abstinence from alcohol. The fourth point is to reduce the intake of fructose-rich beverages. The fifth point is to avoid drinking strong tea, coffee, cocoa, and other such beverages. The sixth point emphasizes the need to drink more water, recommending a daily water intake of at least 2000 milliliters.
What are the symptoms of Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease. Its main manifestation includes possible enlargement of the thyroid in some people. If Hashimoto's thyroiditis is accompanied by hypothyroidism, symptoms may include general fatigue, constipation, bradycardia, and edema. If these symptoms are present, it is important to visit an endocrinology specialist promptly for further thyroid function tests, thyroid ultrasonography, thyroid peroxidase antibody tests, and other examinations to confirm the diagnosis.
Diabetic foot prevention care
First of all, it's important to keep blood sugar under control. It's recommended that people with diabetes check their glycated hemoglobin every three months to see if their blood sugar levels meet the standards. Second, many patients suffer from diabetic foot due to severe diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Injuries such as stepping on a nail or accidental bumps may lead to infections. Therefore, it's suggested that patients with diabetes check their feet daily for any small wounds or ulcers, and if found, they should seek timely treatment from an endocrinology specialist. Third, using warm water for foot baths and treatments like local infrared lamp therapy are advised. It's important to ensure that the temperature is not too high, generally around 40 degrees Celsius, to avoid burning the skin.
How to check for thyroiditis?
Thyroiditis is a general term. Clinically, the most common type is subacute thyroiditis, and another is Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which are two different diseases. For subacute thyroiditis, the symptoms include fever, neck pain, and throat discomfort. Generally, the first step is to check thyroid function to see if there is hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. The second step is to suggest antibody tests, including anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. The third suggestion is to conduct a routine blood test and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Fourth, a thyroid ultrasound is recommended. If necessary, a thyroid fine-needle aspiration may be performed for a definitive diagnosis. If it's Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is an autoimmune disease, a specific antibody, TPOAB or anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody, is used for diagnosis.
Symptoms of hyperuricemia
Hyperuricemia, some people are asymptomatic, while others may present various symptoms. Commonly, it first affects the joints, resulting in gouty arthritis, characterized by local joint redness, swelling, heat, and pain. This most frequently involves the metatarsophalangeal joints of the feet, as well as the ankle and wrist joints. Secondly, gout can lead to gouty nephropathy, accompanied by renal insufficiency. Thirdly, it can cause gouty rheumatism, leading to joint mobility impairment. Therefore, it is essential to prevent hyperuricemia in a timely manner to avoid complications such as gouty arthritis, gouty nephropathy, and gouty rheumatism.
Causes of diabetic foot
The main causes of diabetic foot are as follows: The first one is poor blood sugar control in patients. Some patients have long neglected their blood sugar levels, leading to consistently high levels. The second cause is vascular disease in the lower limbs of the patient, including arteriosclerosis, with severe cases leading to occlusion and subsequent ulceration of the feet. The third reason is the presence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients, which results in abnormal sensations or numbness in the feet. Many patients wearing new shoes or stepping on sharp objects inadvertently can lead to diabetic foot. The fourth cause is infection induced by patients who initially neglect minor foot injuries, or who improperly manage such injuries at home, leading to the development of diabetic foot. Therefore, we advise diabetics to maintain good control of their blood sugar and take timely measures to prevent diabetic foot.
How is thyroiditis diagnosed?
Thyroiditis, clinically more commonly seen as subacute thyroiditis, is primarily caused by viral infections. The main clinical symptoms include pain in the anterior neck accompanied by fever, typically in the afternoon or evening. Upon examination, the thyroid is enlarged and tender. In terms of auxiliary examinations, blood tests reveal that some patients may have elevated white blood cells if there is a concurrent infection, and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Furthermore, initially, there might be mild signs of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid ultrasound may suggest signs of subacute thyroiditis, and the iodine uptake rate is decreased. If further examination is desired, a fine needle aspiration of the thyroid can be performed to help comprehensively consider and confirm the diagnosis.