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Zhang Hui
Neurology
About me
Weifang People's Hospital, Department of Neurology, attending physician, has been engaged in clinical work in the field of neurology for many years, with rich clinical experience in common and prevalent neurological diseases.
Proficient in diseases
Cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease, myelitis, etc.
Voices
How to relieve a migraine?
Migraine is one of the most prevalent diseases among the population, mainly characterized by unilateral pulsating headaches, which can be accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The main ways to alleviate a migraine attack are: First, maintain a stable mood without too much emotional fluctuation, ensure bed rest, and rest in a quiet environment. Second, if the migraine is severe, you can take some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers for treatment, which mostly have good effects. If the results are unsatisfactory, some specific ergot pain relievers can be used for relief. Third, treat the symptoms accordingly. If there are obvious symptoms of nausea and vomiting, you can orally take or receive muscle injections of painkillers for treatment. Generally, after these treatments, there will be a significant relief from the migraine.
How is dementia diagnosed in the elderly?
Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. The diagnosis of this disease mainly relies on the clinical manifestations of the patient, as well as some corresponding scales and some corresponding imaging examinations. In terms of examinations, it is necessary to check some neurofunctional scales, mainly cognitive function scales, common scales include some MMSE scales, and some MoCA scales. These scales are very important for diagnosing this disease. In addition, some imaging examinations need to be improved, mainly including cranial magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Cranial MRI can reveal atrophy in the patient's temporal lobe, hippocampus, and other areas, which also have an important reference value for the diagnosis of the disease. Moreover, an electroencephalogram can be performed to see some mild abnormalities, and lumbar puncture tests can also reveal some abnormally increased protein deposits.
Causes of Cerebellar Atrophy
The causes of cerebellar atrophy are quite diverse: First, some genetic diseases can lead to significant cerebellar atrophy, such as hereditary cerebellar ataxia, where patients experience obvious cerebellar atrophy. Currently, there are no effective treatments for this condition. Second, chronic alcohol poisoning from long-term drinking can lead to alcohol intoxication, which particularly damages cerebellar cells and causes cerebellar atrophy. Third, there are also some vascular diseases, such as cerebellar thrombosis. Recurrent cerebellar thrombosis can cause cerebellar atrophy. Fourth, other conditions like cerebellar inflammation and cerebellar tumors can also cause significant cerebellar atrophy. Fifth, some neurodegenerative diseases can also damage the cerebellum, such as multiple system atrophy with olivopontocerebellar atrophy, which also leads to cerebellar atrophy and manifests as ataxia.
Complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a very dangerous disease primarily caused by the rupture of the meninges or blood vessels at the base of the skull, leading to blood entering the subarachnoid space. Clinically, the most common cause is an aneurysm, but it can also occur with some arteriovenous malformations. Subarachnoid hemorrhage can cause severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, and other complications, with severe cases leading to coma. Common complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage include, firstly, rebleeding. The probability of rebleeding is very high, and if it occurs, the disability and mortality rates of the patient significantly increase. Secondly, cerebral vasospasm, which is an important complication that can lead to severe cerebral thrombosis due to intense constriction of the blood vessels. Thirdly, it can cause secondary hyponatremia, leading to electrolyte imbalance. Additionally, complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage include increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus, and more.
What is Parkinson's disease gait?
Patients with Parkinson's disease have a distinctive gait; typically, their torso leans forward, and their arms do not move much. When they walk, they exhibit a hurried gait with short, scurrying steps. That is, they take small steps that progressively get faster and faster, making stopping very difficult when they reach their destination. This is a typical scenario often referred to as a "scampering gait." Many experienced doctors can frame a preliminary diagnosis of Parkinson's disease just by observing the patient’s walk. Parkinson's disease also leads to unstable posture and gait, increasing the risk of falls and fractures. Therefore, it's important to take precautions at home by installing handrails to assist the patient in standing and walking, preventing accidental injuries.
What to do about anxiety and insomnia?
If the patient experiences anxiety and insomnia, the following treatment methods are recommended: The first method is to engage in more sports training. During the day, one can participate in aerobic exercises such as jogging or playing sports with others, including basketball and table tennis. Physical activity helps stabilize the mind and improve emotional health, and it is effective in combating anxiety and treating insomnia. The second method involves increasing communication with others. Research has shown that more communication can significantly alleviate anxiety. Thirdly, if necessary, one can take some sedative hypnotic drugs, such as benzodiazepines or some newer types of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. Fourth, if the anxiety is significant, under the advice of a psychiatrist, one can take serotonin reuptake inhibitors to counteract the anxiety. (Please consult a professional physician for specific medications.)
Symptoms of neuralgia
Neuralgia comes in many types and is generally quite severe. Patients may experience episodes of intense, short-lasting pain. The common symptoms include: Firstly, a classic type is trigeminal neuralgia, where patients primarily suffer from episodic severe pain in the areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve. This can feel like burning or electric shocks, and is often unbearable. Treatment usually requires antiepileptic drugs. The second major type of neuralgia commonly seen is postherpetic neuralgia, where pain is intense and follows the nerve distribution. Tricyclic antidepressants and antiepileptic drugs can be used for treatment. Additionally, peripheral neuropathy caused by diabetes can also lead to neuralgia. (Please use medication under the guidance of a doctor.)
What are the symptoms of cerebellar atrophy?
Patients with cerebellar atrophy usually exhibit the following symptoms: First, these patients generally experience significant dizziness, with some displaying vertigo, a symptom that requires clinical attention. Second, these patients typically exhibit unstable walking as a clinical symptom, and even standing can be very difficult. Third, these patients will experience limb ataxia. For example, when they try to touch their nose with their finger, they miss. Their hands also shake when trying to hold objects. Fourth, individuals with brain atrophy may also exhibit unclear speech, with symptoms such as explosive sounds when speaking. Additionally, the cause of cerebellar atrophy may vary, which can lead to other symptoms. For instance, cerebellar atrophy caused by multisystem atrophy may also present Parkinson-like symptoms.
What medicine should not be taken for epilepsy?
Patients with epilepsy mainly rely on some internal medicine drugs for treatment. There are many drugs available today, many of which can effectively control the occurrence of epilepsy and improve the quality of life of the patients. However, it is also important to note that some drugs should not be taken in reduced quantities, Firstly, there are some drugs that affect the liver. Many drugs can impact the liver, and since many antiepileptic drugs are metabolized through the liver, combining them can increase the burden on the liver and even induce necrotic hepatitis, Secondly, it is necessary to choose the medication according to the type of epileptic seizures. For example, if it is a visual seizure, or a myoclonic seizure, then one should not take Phenytoin sodium and Carbamazepine, as these two drugs can potentially exacerbate myoclonic and visual seizures, Thirdly, patients with epilepsy should also avoid taking drugs that affect the metabolism of epilepsy medication. If used together, it can cause a reduction in the efficacy of the epilepsy drugs, easily triggering an epileptic attack, or even a prolonged state of epilepsy.
Can cerebellar atrophy be treated?
There are various causes of cerebellar atrophy, and whether it can be treated depends crucially on the cause. If the atrophy is caused by genetic heart disease, there are no effective treatment options. For example, cerebellar ataxia due to spinal ataxia or multiple system atrophy typically worsens progressively, manifesting in significant coordination loss, unstable walking, and other clinical symptoms, with a lack of effective treatment options. However, cerebellar atrophy caused by long-term alcohol consumption can be treated. It is most important to quit drinking and then administer high doses of B vitamins, which can significantly improve symptoms. If cerebellar atrophy is caused by cerebellar ischemia, actively improving cerebral blood supply and taking antiplatelet aggregation drugs can also be effective. (Note: This answer is for reference only. Please consult a professional physician for medication guidance and avoid self-medication.)