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Zhang Xiao Le
Hematology
About me
Associate Chief Physician, obtained a master's degree from Shandong University in 2009, and has been working at Liaocheng People's Hospital. In 2012, went to Peking University People's Hospital for further training in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Proficient in diseases
Familiar with common blood system diseases such as acute leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, various anemia diseases, and platelet disorders; skilled in using hematopoietic stem cell transplantation technology to treat various blood system diseases, with over 200 cases of involvement in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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What is acute leukemia?
Acute leukemia is a malignant clonal disease originating from hematopoietic stem progenitor cells. Normally, hematopoietic stem progenitor cells differentiate into white blood cells, which gradually mature into normal white blood cells. However, leukemia cells are primitive cells and immature cells, which means that the hematopoietic stem cells lose the ability to differentiate and mature. Additionally, they proliferate massively in the bone marrow while suppressing normal hematopoietic functions, and can widely infiltrate various organs such as the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Due to the suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis, patients may exhibit clinical manifestations such as anemia, bleeding, and infections. Patients with acute leukemia often seek medical attention because of fever, fatigue, or bleeding from the skin and mucous membranes.
Symptoms of leukopenia
The symptoms of leukopenia vary with the severity of the decrease in white blood cells and the disease causing the leukopenia. Mild leukopenia generally has no significant clinical manifestations. With moderate leukopenia, patients often experience symptoms of fatigue. If there is a significant decrease in white blood cells, patients often present with fever since white blood cells are the main cells in the body's defense against infections. A significant decrease in white blood cells markedly lowers the patient's resistance, thus making them more susceptible to various infections, with fever being the most common symptom of infection. Furthermore, the clinical presentations also vary with the underlying disease causing the decrease in white blood cells. For example, diseases like aplastic anemia or acute leukemia, which cause a decrease in white blood cells, may lead not only to fever but also to significant fatigue and bleeding manifestations.
What tests should be done to diagnose aplastic anemia?
The diagnostic criteria for aplastic anemia include a decrease in all blood cells, generally no enlargement of the liver or spleen, reduced or severe reduction in bone marrow hyperplasia in multiple sites, and exclusion of other diseases causing a decrease in all blood cells. Therefore, the diagnosis of aplastic anemia requires the following tests: complete blood count, reticulocyte count, abdominal ultrasound, bone marrow cytology, bone marrow chromosome analysis, bone marrow biopsy, rheumatoid immune indicators, and peripheral blood T-cell subgroups. Additionally, for patients suspected of having aplastic anemia, further flow cytometry and differentiation from myelodysplastic syndromes are sometimes necessary.
Can patients with aplastic anemia drink corn silk water?
Patients with aplastic anemia can drink corn silk tea, but corn silk tea has no therapeutic effect on aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia is caused by various causes and mechanisms leading to bone marrow failure, mainly characterized by decreased bone marrow hematopoietic function, decreased total blood cells, and the resulting anemia, bleeding, and infection syndrome. The pathogenesis of aplastic anemia is not clear, mainly due to immune abnormalities. The treatment is mainly the use of immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine and hematopoietic agents, primarily androgens. Corn silk tea does not have a therapeutic effect on the mechanisms of this disease.
Hazards of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Women
The harm of iron deficiency anemia in women is related to the severity of the anemia. Mild anemia generally has no obvious clinical symptoms; moderate anemia often presents with fatigue, palpitations and shortness of breath after activity, dizziness, tinnitus, insomnia, frequent dreams, reduced appetite, and poor digestive function; severe anemia can affect the quality of life, with symptoms of palpitations and shortness of breath even with slight activity, and can severely impact the quality of life. The most common cause of iron deficiency anemia in women is due to increased menstrual flow. Additional examinations, such as gynecological ultrasound, are necessary to clarify the presence of conditions like uterine fibroids or adenomyosis, and to provide targeted treatment.
What to do and what to eat for dizziness caused by thalassemia?
Patients with thalassemia who experience dizziness first need to analyze the cause of the dizziness. The vast majority of causes of dizziness are not related to diet, nor can they be corrected by eating certain foods. For patients with thalassemia experiencing dizziness, it is first necessary to consider whether the cause is worsening anemia. A drop in hemoglobin can lead to ischemia and hypoxia in the body, which can manifest as symptoms of dizziness in the nervous system. If it is confirmed that the dizziness is caused by worsening anemia, then blood transfusion treatment is needed, usually requiring the transfusion of washed red cells. Once the anemia is corrected, the symptoms of dizziness can disappear. At the same time, folic acid supplements can be added to provide raw materials for hematopoiesis. Other possible causes of dizziness include diseases such as cranial, cervical spine, and otolithiasis, all of which require further differential diagnosis. (The use of drugs should be carried out under the guidance of a physician)
What should I eat if I occasionally feel dizzy due to thalassemia?
Patients with thalassemia who experience dizziness typically indicate worsening anemia, and can take folic acid tablets orally. Folic acid is an important raw material for the production of red blood cells, and supplementing with folic acid aids in the recovery from anemia. Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic anemia, and there is currently no specific drug for its treatment; it is primarily managed symptomatically. If the anemia is severe, red blood cell transfusions may also be used to correct the anemia. Additionally, severe thalasemia may consider allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Apart from anemia, further investigations should be conducted to rule out cervical spondylosis, cerebrovascular diseases, and otolithiasis when dealing with dizziness in thalassemia patients.
Is the level of ferritin high or low in thalassemia?
In thalassemia, ferritin levels are generally normal. Clinically, both thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia present as microcytic hypochromic anemia. The simplest differentiation between the two is by checking ferritin levels. In iron deficiency anemia, ferritin levels are usually significantly decreased, whereas in thalassemia, ferritin levels tend to be normal. If microcytic hypochromic anemia is detected with normal ferritin levels, further tests such as hemoglobin electrophoresis and screening for thalassemia genes are needed to confirm if it is thalassemia, the specific type, and the severity, to guide subsequent treatment methods.