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Tang Bo
Neurology
About me
Studied for a master's degree at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and currently works at Nanshan District People's Hospital in Shenzhen.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in neurology diseases related to cerebral infarction, myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, dizziness, migraines, and neurosis.
Voices
What is epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a common disease in neurology and includes many types, generally including primary epilepsy and secondary epilepsy. Primary epilepsy refers to cases where the cause is unknown, while secondary epilepsy has a clear cause. Common causes include developmental disorders of the cerebral cortex, tumors, and cerebrovascular diseases, traumatic brain injuries, and central nervous system infections, including encephalitis, meningitis. Cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction can also induce epilepsy. Additionally, certain neurodegenerative diseases, such as motor neuron disease and late-stage Parkinson's disease can also trigger epileptic seizures. Patients with ischemic hypoxic encephalopathy and toxic encephalopathy may also experience epileptic seizures, and some systemic diseases may also lead to epileptic seizures.
The difference between stroke and cerebral infarction
Stroke is divided into hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke involves cerebral hemorrhage, while ischemic stroke involves cerebral infarction. Therefore, the difference is that stroke includes cerebral infarction, which is a type of ischemic stroke. In such cases, it is crucial to seek prompt hospital treatment and examine for risk factors related to cerebrovascular disease. Under the guidance of a doctor, the condition should be stabilized since the acute phase of a cerebral infarction might be unstable and could worsen. Thus, after stabilizing the condition, long-term oral medication will also be necessary to prevent future strokes.
What are the symptoms of a stroke?
Stroke, also commonly referred to as cerebrovascular accident, is caused by the rupture or blockage of blood vessels within the skull, leading to necrosis of brain tissue and a series of symptoms. It is divided into ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Ischemic stroke, commonly known as cerebral infarction or stroke, while hemorrhagic stroke refers to cerebral hemorrhage. Generally, ischemic strokes account for 80% of cases. Ischemic stroke is caused by blockage of blood vessels leading to necrosis of brain tissue, presenting with a series of symptoms such as hemiplegic numbness. Cerebral hemorrhage results from rupture of brain blood vessels causing damage to brain cells and symptoms of compression, and may also present with symptoms such as hemiplegic numbness. Both types can be differentiated by their symptoms, and can also be definitively diagnosed through a CT scan.
The treatment goals in the early stage of stroke
Stroke includes hemorrhagic and ischemic types. Whether it is hemorrhagic or ischemic, hospitalization is necessary during the acute phase. Depending on the patient's condition, if it is hemorrhagic, the amount of bleeding should be considered to decide whether to opt for surgical treatment or conservative treatment. If it is ischemic, and the treatment is initiated within the therapeutic time window, that is within 4.5 hours, thrombolytic therapy can be administered, which may potentially reverse the symptoms of the stroke. If the time window is missed, then conservative treatment is required. Acute cerebral infarction in its acute phase can potentially worsen, so the primary goal of acute phase treatment is to stabilize the condition. After stabilization, rehabilitation and physical therapy can gradually improve the patient's symptoms.
What should not be eaten in case of cerebral embolism?
Cerebral embolism is a type of cerebral infarction. It is a condition caused by the dislodgment of emboli, leading to the interruption of blood flow in the brain and resulting in the necrosis of brain tissue and cerebral infarction. There are no special dietary requirements for this condition, but it is generally advisable to follow a low-salt, low-fat diet, as high levels of salt or fats can be risk factors for cerebral infarction. Additionally, cerebral embolism can also be caused by atrial fibrillation. Patients with atrial fibrillation must monitor their coagulation function carefully and pay attention to cardiac issues. Regarding the diet, it should be low in salt and fat, and if the patient does not have diabetes, there is no need to pay special attention to blood sugar levels. However, if diabetes is present, diabetic dietary guidelines must be followed.
What are the dietary precautions for epilepsy?
People with epilepsy should avoid consuming stimulating beverages such as cola, Sprite, Red Bull, and coffee. They should eat more vegetables and fruits and less spicy and stimulating foods, paying attention to these dietary recommendations. Additionally, maintaining a regular lifestyle is important; avoiding prolonged use of electronic devices is advised as these, along with previously mentioned beverages like cola and Red Bull, can overexcite the brain and trigger epileptic seizures. It is also imperative to take anti-epileptic drugs regularly under the guidance of a doctor and not to miss any doses.
What precautions should epilepsy patients take?
Patients with epilepsy should pay attention to establishing regular daily routines and avoid staying up late. They should not participate in potentially dangerous activities such as climbing or swimming. Also, they should minimize consumption of stimulating beverages like cola, Sprite, Red Bull, and coffee. It is advisable to eat more vegetables and fruits and reduce the intake of spicy and stimulating foods. Maintaining a regular life schedule is important, and playing electronic devices or using mobile phones for extended periods should be avoided. All sorts of exciting situations can easily trigger an epileptic seizure, so it is crucial to eat regularly without becoming too hungry or too full. Moreover, taking anti-epileptic drugs regularly and following medical guidance from doctors at the hospital is necessary.
Is lacunar infarction hereditary?
Lacunar stroke is a type of small stroke that occurs within the brain due to the narrowing of small arteries. This narrowing is often caused by long-term hypertension or diabetes, among other risk factors, leading to the obstruction of these vessels. Some patients may not exhibit any symptoms, while others might experience mild symptoms. Regardless of the cause, both hypertension and diabetes have genetic components, suggesting that lacunar strokes are influenced by genetics but are not entirely hereditary. Furthermore, the specific location of a lacunar stroke within the brain determines the symptoms experienced, implying that the condition is not solely genetic but does have genetic factors.
How long is the lifespan of someone with Alzheimer's?
The causes of dementia in the elderly can be varied, with many diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and vascular dementia, all leading to senile dementia. Therefore, how long one lives may require specific analysis. If the dementia is due to cerebrovascular factors, the lifespan of the individual may be closely related to the primary disease, i.e., cerebrovascular disease. Dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease progresses with the disease and affects the patient's lifespan. In its advanced stages, when the patient can no longer take care of themselves, complications such as lung infections can further impact their lifespan. There are also other factors, which need to be assessed based on the evaluation of the disease.
Do lacunar infarcts fear getting angry?
Lacunar stroke is caused by the occlusion of some small blood vessels in our skull due to pathological changes in the vessel walls after long-term hypertension, diabetes, or other diseases. Therefore, it usually stems from underlying conditions. Although getting angry may trigger a lacunar stroke, it's important to manage emotions as well. However, for lacunar stroke itself, the primary underlying causes are still hypertension, diabetes, and other risk factors. Thus, regardless of the situation, it's essential to avoid sudden and intense emotional changes, as such changes could potentially trigger a lacunar stroke.