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13
Huang Shuai
Obstetrics and Gynecology
About me
Graduated from Beijing Medical College of Peking Union Medical College with a clinical eight-year system doctoral degree in 2010. Working in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a hospital in Beijing since 2010, currently serving as an associate chief physician.
Current Positions:
Youth member of the Premature Birth Branch of the Beijing Medical Association;
Youth member of the Gynecology Branch of the Chinese Geriatrics and Gerontology Association;
Youth member of the Reproductive Tract Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Branch of the Chinese Society of Eugenics;
Member of the Fertility Health Professional Committee of the China Medical Education Association.
Proficient in diseases
Obstetric and Gynecologic Tumors and Pelvic Floor Disorders
Voices
Can trichomoniasis in women be completely cured?
Trichomonas vaginitis can be completely cured. It is caused by an infection of Trichomonas vaginalis in the vagina. After infection, Trichomonas does not only stay in the reproductive system but often enters the urinary system as well. Therefore, after diagnosing trichomonas vaginitis, it is generally recommended to use systemic treatment rather than just local vaginal treatment. This is because using only local treatment might clear the trichomonas from the vagina, but since it can still be present in the urinary system, trichomonas vaginitis can easily recur. Thus, we suggest using systemic medication for trichomonas vaginitis. As long as an adequate amount of oral systemic medication is used, it can generally be cured.
If trichomoniasis is not treated for a year, what will happen?
Trichomonas vaginitis is generally recommended for timely treatment after diagnosis, because it is caused by an infection of Trichomonas in the vagina. When Trichomonas infects the vagina, it can lead to fainting. The urethra may also be in an inflamed state, and under such conditions, the vaginal or urethral mucosa may be in a prolonged state of inflammatory edema. In such a state, the overall condition may be poor and continuing in this swollen state downstairs exacerbates the risk of infection by other pathogens. Moreover, a long-term Trichomonas vaginal infection can potentially lead to routine pelvic infections, thereby increasing the likelihood of developing pelvic inflammatory disease.
Trichomonas vaginitis combined with cervical erosion is caused by what?
Trichomonas vaginalis infection usually causes trichomonas vaginitis, while cervical erosion in most cases is a physiological condition, primarily due to the excessive growth of columnar epithelial cells on the cervix under the action of estrogen, replacing some of the squamous epithelial cells, thus presenting an eroded state of the cervix. Of course, this physiological condition sometimes cannot be easily distinguished visually from pathological changes, such as precancerous lesions of the cervix or cervical cancer. Therefore, when cervical erosion occurs, it is emphasized that cervical cancer screening must be performed, including tests like TCT (ThinPrep Cytology Test) and HPV (Human Papillomavirus) screening.
Can trichomonal vaginitis be cured without recurrence?
Currently, the vast majority of cases of trichomonas vaginitis can be cured. However, before treating trichomonas vaginitis, the first step is to accurately diagnose whether the trichomonas is truly present. In addition, it's important to pay attention during treatment because trichomonas vaginitis is caused by an infection from Trichomonas vaginalis, which can occur not only in the female reproductive system but also in the urinary system. Therefore, when vaginitis is present, it is possible that the trichomonas has also infected the urethra. Thus, in the treatment of trichomonas vaginitis, it is generally not recommended to use only local medications, that is, applying medicine only to the vaginal area. Instead, oral medication is suggested. This is because if only the vagina is treated and the urinary tract is also infected, it could likely lead to frequent recurrences. Hence, oral administration of medication is usually recommended.
Is it normal to have menopause at 41?
Menopause occurring at 41 years old generally warrants a visit to the hospital for an examination. Normally, the average age for menopause is between 45 and 55 years old. Menopause before 40 years old, due to ovarian function issues, is usually considered premature ovarian failure. At 41, it is important to investigate the causes of menopause. The most common cause is typically a decline or failure in ovarian function. After ovarian function decline at 41, if there are no contraindications, hormone replacement therapy is usually recommended. Besides the ovaries, certain diseases of the uterus can also lead to menopause. Therefore, menopause at 41 is not considered normal.
How big a uterine fibroid can be without requiring treatment?
The size of uterine fibroids is one of the indicators we consider for whether treatment and surgery are necessary. It is generally believed that surgery is indicated when the diameter of a fibroid exceeds 6cm, or when the entire uterus is larger than the size it would be at ten weeks of pregnancy. However, in reality, the size of a uterine fibroid is not an absolute indicator for surgery. This means that even if the fibroid exceeds 6cm, or the entire uterus reaches around ten weeks in size, it doesn’t necessarily require surgery. At this point, other factors are usually also considered, such as whether there are symptoms, whether the large fibroids cause heavy menstruation and anemia, whether there are compression symptoms, the radiological appearance of the fibroids, whether they resemble malignant conditions, whether the fibroids are rapidly growing, and whether the fibroids are located in special areas like the cervix, the hip ligament, or submucosal. Thus, the size of the uterine fibroids is just one aspect we consider for treatment or surgery; the presence of symptoms and whether the fibroids are malignant, among others, are actually more important.
Will there be ovulation during amenorrhea?
In our professional field, amenorrhea is actually defined as not having menstruation for over six months, or missing three menstrual cycles—this is what we professionally regard as amenorrhea. What most people talk about as amenorrhea refers to the situation where menstruation does not occur when expected. In cases where menstruation does not occur when expected, is ovulation still possible? In fact, it is possible to ovulate under such circumstances. Generally speaking, for a woman with regular menstrual cycles, if she does not get her period when expected, the first considerations are usually pregnancy or an anovulatory menstrual cycle, both of which are common occurrences. Of course, for women with irregular menstrual cycles, or even for those with regular cycles who do not get their period when expected, it is possible that ovulation may be delayed. How long can it be delayed? The timing can sometimes be uncertain, it is entirely possible for ovulation to occur sometime after the expected menstrual date. Therefore, during the period after the expected time of menstruation, it is indeed entirely possible for ovulation to occur.
Trichomoniasis is caused by what?
This trichomoniasis infection is generally usually caused by contact with trichomonas, and since trichomonas is a sexually transmitted disease, sexual activity can spread or transmit trichomonas. Of course, besides sexual activity, any other possible contact with trichomonas can also lead to infection, such as using unclean sanitary ware, towels, or during swimming; these can all potentially cause trichomonas infection. Thus, any activity that could possibly involve contact with trichomonas might lead to an infection.
Does soaking feet in hot water work for menstrual cramps?
During menstrual cramps, soaking feet in hot water can promote blood circulation and somewhat relieve the pain. However, applying a hot water bottle to the abdomen is more effective as it raises the local temperature, which enhances local blood circulation and helps alleviate menstrual pain. The principle behind this is that the occurrence of menstrual cramps is due to an increase in prostaglandin levels in the blood during menstruation, leading to muscle contractions and even spasms, causing pain. Applying heat locally through methods like hot compresses can maintain high temperatures and promote blood circulation, facilitating the metabolism of prostaglandins and the relief of muscle spasms, thereby reducing or alleviating pain.
Is vulvar itching caused by yeast or trichomonas?
Judging whether it is yeast or trichomoniasis based solely on vulvular itching is very difficult. Whether it is yeast, trichomoniasis, or even bacterial vaginitis, all can cause vulvar itching. In addition, simple vulvitis can also lead to symptoms of vulvar itching. Of course, the itching symptoms caused by yeast vaginitis among these diseases are usually the most severe. However, there are also some symptoms that are not especially severe. Thus, it is very difficult to distinguish the specific disease based solely on the symptom of vulvar itching. When this situation arises, it is advisable to visit a hospital for an examination, including an examination of the secretions, which may be able to definitively determine whether the cause is yeast, trichomoniasis, bacteria, or simply vulvitis, or even possibly some pathological changes in the vulvar skin.