Is asthma considered respiratory failure?

Written by An Yong Peng
Pulmonology
Updated on March 01, 2025
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Asthma and respiratory failure are two distinct concepts. Asthma is a disease, whereas respiratory failure is a clinical outcome resulting from a series of diseases. During an acute asthma attack, there is also a possibility of respiratory failure occurring, and in severe cases, it can lead to serious respiratory failure requiring interventions like tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Therefore, acute asthma attacks require active intervention. Treatments often include nebulized inhalation of short-acting bronchodilators and even intravenous administration of corticosteroids to handle the acute episode. Short-term intravenous use of corticosteroids can also help in controlling the acute attack.

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Written by Yuan Qing
Pulmonology
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Can people with respiratory failure exercise?

Whether people with respiratory failure can exercise depends mainly on whether the respiratory failure occurred acutely or chronically. Generally, it is usually advised against exercising during acute respiratory failure, such as severe pulmonary inflammation, drowning, or failure of the nervous system functions. Exercise during this time can worsen the body's oxygen deficit and increase oxygen consumption, potentially exacerbating the symptoms of the disease. However, for chronic respiratory failure, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, patients have long been enduring hypoxia or hypercapnia. These individuals can engage in appropriate respiratory rehabilitation exercises, such as respiratory rehabilitation gymnastics and some traditional Chinese medicine practices, which can greatly aid in the recovery from the disease, particularly respiratory failure. The decision primarily depends on the patient’s specific condition and their physical tolerance.

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Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
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Is respiratory failure serious?

Respiratory failure is a common and critical condition in the respiratory system, and it is very serious. Respiratory failure manifests as a severe decline in respiratory function, often with significant damage to the lungs' ventilation and gas exchange capabilities. Patients often experience severe chest tightness, difficulty breathing, obvious hypoxic cyanosis, and may even present with symptoms such as convulsions and coma, which can be fatal. Treatment usually requires oxygen therapy and often the assistance of a ventilator. Therefore, respiratory failure is considered a very serious condition clinically and requires proactive management to save the patient's life.

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Written by Li Fang Xiao
Internal Medicine
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Is respiratory failure uncomfortable?

Respiratory failure is quite uncomfortable, and clinically, the symptoms feel severe, and the patient's own state is also very affected. Respiratory failure is mainly caused by a decrease in oxygen partial pressure, during which time the patient may experience wheezing, chest tightness, and even a feeling of being near death. There are many causes of respiratory failure, with severe infections being common, such as severe pneumonia or sepsis. A systemic inflammatory response can lead to respiratory failure. Another situation is when heart failure occurs, which can also accompany pulmonary congestion, causing pulmonary ventilation dysfunction that can also lead to respiratory failure. The treatment of respiratory failure focuses on removing the causative factors and selectively choosing different treatment plans, which can start with oxygen therapy or the use of a ventilator in severe cases to correct hypoxemia and sustain life.

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Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
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What are the symptoms of respiratory failure?

Respiratory failure is a common critical condition in clinical settings. At the stage of respiratory failure, patients often experience severe discomfort and pain. Common symptoms include difficulty breathing, with many patients showing obvious respiratory distress, often needing to sit upright to breathe, profuse sweating, and an inability to continue normal activity. Additionally, cyanosis can occur, indicating very severe hypoxia. Symptoms of pulmonary encephalopathy, such as mental confusion, convulsions, and agitation, may also appear. In severe cases, patients may even fall into a coma. Hence, at the stage of respiratory failure, patients suffer considerably.

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Written by Li Qiang
Intensive Care Unit
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Precursors of respiratory failure

Respiratory failure can be a very acute condition, or it may evolve gradually due to chronic diseases. The basic precursors of respiratory failure generally include hypoxia or hypercapnia. In the early stages of hypoxia, patients may experience excitement or irritability, characterized by rapid breathing and possibly sweating due to the effort of breathing. Symptoms include accelerated breathing and hypoxia; the patient’s lips may also turn blue. If the level of carbon dioxide increases, once past the initial period of excitement and as the hypoxia worsens, the person may become listless. Gradually, their consciousness may become unclear, manifesting as drowsiness or possibly even coma.