What to eat for lacunar infarct.

Written by Tang Bo
Neurology
Updated on September 20, 2024
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Lacunar stroke is a type of cerebral infarction caused by small vessel disease that leads to the occlusion of cerebral vessels. Therefore, the dietary recommendations for lacunar stroke are similar to those for general stroke. For patients who are overweight, it is important to control body weight. It is recommended to reduce the intake of animal liver and other organ meats, as well as foods high in cholesterol or fat. It is advisable to consume high-quality proteins such as milk, duck, fish, and soy products. The intake of pork, beef, and lamb, especially fatty cuts, should be minimized and lean meats should be emphasized. Additionally, it is beneficial to consume more vitamin-rich foods such as tomatoes and fruits, and to increase the intake of vegetables. Diets should be light and avoid excessive salt intake to prevent hypertension, which can also lead to lacunar stroke.

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Written by Chen Ya
Geriatrics
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How should a stroke and a cold be handled?

It is recommended to actively address a cold in cases of cerebral infarction, as most people with cerebral infarction who also have motor disabilities are predominantly bedridden, making them prone to aspiration pneumonia. If a cold is not managed well and develops into pneumonia, it can further aggravate the condition, potentially worsening the perceived motor disabilities if timely functional rehabilitation is not administered, leading to further progression of the illness.

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Written by Liu Yan Hao
Neurology
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Is a brain embolism the same as a cerebral infarction?

Cerebral embolism is a type of cerebral infarction, but not completely identical to cerebral infarction. Cerebral embolism occurs when an embolus from another part of the body outside the brain detaches and blocks a cerebral blood vessel. Cerebral embolism generally has a sudden onset, with a rapid development of symptoms, reaching a peak in a very short time, potentially causing severe conditions such as coma and paralysis of limbs within a short period. Common sources of emboli include arterial plaques in the neck vessels, particularly soft arterial plaques that are prone to detachment, forming an embolus that can obstruct cerebral vessels. Another common source of emboli is the detachment of mural thrombi from the inner walls of the heart, typically seen in patients with atrial fibrillation, where thrombi tend to form on the heart's inner walls and can detach to block cerebral vessels. Treatment includes the use of antiplatelet or blood-activating and stasis-dissolving drugs, as well as medications to stabilize plaques. It is vital to actively treat the primary disease, such as using anti-arrhythmic drugs for patients with atrial fibrillation.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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What is a cerebral infarction?

Brain infarction is also relatively common in clinical practice, mainly seen in elderly people, generally accompanied by underlying diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Brain infarction is primarily caused by the blockage of cerebral blood vessels, leading to necrosis of brain tissue due to ischemia and hypoxia. After a brain infarction occurs, patients should seek medical attention in a timely manner and be admitted to the department of neurology or neurosurgery for systematic drug treatment. If the infarction area is large or a brain herniation has formed, surgical intervention should be considered, such as decompressive craniectomy and lowering intracranial pressure.

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Written by Chen Ya
Geriatrics
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How long can someone with a complete paralysis from a cerebral infarction survive?

The life expectancy of patients with total paralysis from cerebral infarction cannot be generalized, as it depends on the size and location of the stroke, as well as the treatment received. A larger affected area, especially if the stroke occurs in a critical area like the brainstem, and if treatment is delayed, may result in the patient not surviving the acute phase due to high intracranial pressure, which can be fatal. If a patient survives the acute phase and moves into the residual effects phase, the outcome will depend on the rehabilitation treatment received, as well as care from family and community nursing. Such patients are prone to complications, such as pneumonia, which can be life-threatening. The initial stroke may not be fatal, but the treatment outcomes vary significantly. Some patients, if well cared for and treated promptly without recurring episodes, can have a comparatively long lifespan.

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Stroke rehabilitation exercise

In the early stages of a stroke, for bedridden patients, passive limb exercises can be conducted at the bedside. This includes joint loosening exercises and passive flexing of knee and elbow joints to prevent joint contractures. When not exercising, proper limb positioning is needed; sandbags can be placed on the inside of the upper limbs to avoid internal rotation, and the legs should be placed in stiff cloth shoes or T-bar shoes to prevent external rotation. Once the patient enters the recovery phase, they can gradually begin standing and walking exercises, while also receiving treatments such as medications, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and acupuncture. (The use of medications should be under the guidance of a professional doctor.)