Can children's epilepsy be effectively treated?

Written by Yan Xin Liang

Pediatrics

Updated on September 24, 2024

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Can childhood epilepsy be cured?

Firstly, it depends on the type of epilepsy. If the symptoms are not very severe, the frequency of convulsions is low, and comprehensive exams such as brain MRI and genetic testing show no problems, and the child's intellectual development is normal, then this type of epilepsy might be curable. Generally, after 2 to 3 years of effective antiepileptic drug treatment and then gradually discontinuing the medication if there are no further seizures, the condition can usually be controlled.

However, some types of epilepsy are associated with underlying diseases, such as cerebral palsy, inherent metabolic genetic disorders, poor brain development, or organic brain lesions. The treatment outcomes for these types of epilepsy are not good, and they are generally difficult to control.

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Written by Shi De Quan

Neurology

1min 17sec

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What is an effective treatment for epilepsy?

To effectively treat epilepsy, it is crucial to adhere to the principles of medication use and cessation. First, epilepsy medication should generally be administered for one to two years without seizures before gradually reducing the dose. If seizures reoccur after dose reduction, or if there is significant worsening on electroencephalography (EEG), the dosage should be restored. If switching medications, take both medications concurrently for about a week, then gradually reduce the original medication to cessation while increasing the new medication to an effective dose. These are the principles of medication exchange and use. Then, consider the principles for attempting medication cessation. Generally, medication should not be ceased any earlier than one year and abrupt cessation should be avoided to prevent epilepticus status. If there is clear organic brain disease, persistent positive neurological signs, or continuous mental disorders with abnormal EEG readings, lifelong medication may be necessary. Some suggest that individuals older than 30 should be cautious about stopping medication. Since the recurrence rate upon cessation can exceed 50%, lifelong medication may be necessary.

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Written by Liu Shi Xiang

Neurology

1min 4sec

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Why does epilepsy occur at night?

Epilepsy that occurs at night is called sleep-related epilepsy. There are many reasons for this phenomenon, such as excessive fatigue, irregular sleep, menstrual onset, anxiety, depression, and more. Additionally, some patients exhale more carbon dioxide during sleep, causing hyperventilation and internal environmental imbalances, which can easily lead to abnormal discharges of brain neurons. When some patients experience symptoms of epilepsy at night, timely intervention and treatment are needed. First, patients should develop a good lifestyle, go to bed on time, get up on time, avoid staying up late, and avoid excessive fatigue. Furthermore, targeted medication should be given to prevent the onset of the condition. Common medications include lamotrigine, levetiracetam, carbamazepine, and sodium valproate. Besides, patients also need to maintain a good mindset and avoid tense and anxious emotions that could exacerbate symptoms.

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Written by Tong Peng

Pediatrics

51sec

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What causes benign epilepsy in children?

There are multiple causes of benign epilepsy in children, with significant genetic factors often involved. It generally occurs during a specific developmental period in childhood due to localized diseases, and the prognosis is usually good. Such seizures in children may be caused by conditions like tuberous sclerosis, cerebral trigeminal angioma, and neurofibromatosis. Intracranial infections, such as viral encephalitis, bacterial meningitis, and tubercular meningitis, can also trigger benign epilepsy in children. Therefore, once diagnosed, early intervention treatments should be initiated to prevent the symptoms from worsening. Regular follow-ups with electroencephalograms are also necessary to understand the effects of epilepsy medications and treatments.

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Written by Yuan Jun Li

Neurology

52sec

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What are the symptoms of abdominal epilepsy?

Patients with abdominal epilepsy can experience abdominal pain, and some may show symptoms of bloating, nausea, and vomiting, as well as diarrhea. Abdominal epilepsy is a type of epilepsy, commonly seen in children and adolescents. The symptoms generally recur and last mostly from three to five minutes. If the symptoms last more than five minutes, it is usually called a status epilepticus, and some antiepileptic drugs can be used to control the seizures. After an epileptic episode, an EEG might show spike-and-wave patterns. If the EEG is normal, a dynamic EEG can be conducted, which might increase the positive diagnostic rate for patients.

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Written by Hu Qi Feng

Pediatrics

46sec

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Care for children during epileptic seizures

During an epileptic seizure, it is crucial to control the seizure promptly by using sedative and anticonvulsant medications. While administering these drugs, it is important to closely monitor for consistent breathing. Additionally, during a seizure, it is necessary to ensure that the airway remains clear, provide oxygen, and, if required, use mechanical ventilation to maintain airway patency. Prevent biting injuries to the tongue and position the head to one side so that secretions can flow out of the corner of the mouth, preventing reflux of stomach contents and risk of choking. Protect brain function and vital organs, and prevent cerebral edema. After the seizure has stopped, long-term administration of antiepileptic drugs should be continued to prevent recurrence.