How to Treat Hypoglycemia

Written by Li Hui Zhi
Endocrinology
Updated on September 19, 2024
00:00
00:00

If the patient is experiencing symptoms such as dizziness, palpitations, cold sweats, and feelings of hunger, but is mentally clear, it is suggested to promptly eat foods like candy or chocolate that can rapidly increase blood sugar levels. However, if the patient's hypoglycemia isn’t fully corrected and leads to unconsciousness, then it is critical to immediately call emergency services (dial 120). Upon their arrival, a micro blood sugar test should be conducted. Secondly, an injection of 50% glucose can be administered intravenously to correct the hypoglycemia. Thus, preventing hypoglycemia is very important.

Other Voices

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Lin Xiang Dong
Endocrinology
1min home-news-image

Hypoglycemia complications

Complications of hypoglycemia encompass aspects of both the central nervous system and the heart. Firstly, the central nervous system, due to hypoglycemic episodes, can lead to brain cells lacking energy, which may then cause cerebral edema. This results in severe neuroglycopenic syndrome. Common symptoms include confusion, apathy, and abnormal mental and behavioral actions. If hypoglycemia persists or recurs, it can lead to coma and death. Secondly, cardiac complications arise during hypoglycemic episodes because excitement of the sympathetic nervous system leads to an increased heart rate or sinus tachycardia. Very few patients may experience bradycardia. Additionally, other arrhythmias, including premature atrial contractions, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular premature beats, and short episodes of ventricular tachycardia, can occur.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Lin Xiang Dong
Endocrinology
40sec home-news-image

How to regulate hypoglycemia?

If a patient suddenly exhibits symptoms such as dizziness, palpitations, cold sweats, pallor, and hunger, we would first consider the possibility of hypoglycemia. At this time, we use a glucose meter to determine the blood sugar level. If hypoglycemia is confirmed, oral glucose water can be administered and fasting imposed, which can relieve the symptoms. If the hypoglycemia is sporadic, it is likely due to prolonged periods without eating and lack of energy. If hypoglycemia occurs frequently, it is necessary to go to the hospital promptly for examination to rule out diseases causing hypoglycemia, such as the most common cause, an insulinoma.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Lin Xiang Dong
Endocrinology
30sec home-news-image

How is hypoglycemia treated?

The treatment for hypoglycemia is relatively simple; in most cases, it involves immediate consumption of sugar water to replenish energy, which can significantly alleviate the symptoms of hypoglycemia. If it is an occasional, single occurrence of hypoglycemia, normal status can be restored after replenishing energy. However, if hypoglycemia occurs repeatedly, it is necessary to seek timely medical treatment at a hospital to rule out some common diseases that cause hypoglycemia.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Lin Xiang Dong
Endocrinology
45sec home-news-image

How to test for hypoglycemia?

Hypoglycemia refers to a syndrome characterized by symptoms of sympathetic nerve excitation and brain cell hypoxia due to low blood glucose concentration. We usually identify hypoglycemia first by a series of symptoms. The primary symptoms of hypoglycemia are sympathetic nerve symptoms, including dizziness, palpitations, cold sweats, hunger, and pallor. If these symptoms occur, we use a glucometer to determine if the blood sugar level is below 2.8 mmol/L. If the blood sugar is below 2.8 mmol/L, one should quickly consume sugary water and energy. If the patient's symptoms are alleviated, then it is considered hypoglycemia.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Lin Xiang Dong
Endocrinology
1min 3sec home-news-image

How to check for hypoglycemia

We usually diagnose hypoglycemia based on the following three criteria. The first is the presence of hypoglycemic symptoms, such as palpitations, tremors, sweating, dizziness, etc. If these symptoms are present, we must immediately consider the possibility of hypoglycemia, and then proceed to monitor blood glucose levels. If the blood glucose reading is below 2.8 for non-diabetic patients and below 3.9 for diabetic patients, hypoglycemia can be considered. Subsequently, the patient should consume sugary water, and if the symptoms significantly alleviate after this, a diagnosis of hypoglycemia can be established. Moreover, if the patient does not have a history of diabetes, does not use hypoglycemic drugs, but experiences recurring episodes of hypoglycemia, further testing is required, such as a fasting test, checking C-peptide levels, insulin levels, etc., to rule out insulinoma.