Is Hashimoto's thyroiditis hereditary?

Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
Updated on September 12, 2024
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune thyroid disease and is not hereditary. However, it tends to cluster in families, meaning if one's parents have a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, their offspring have a relatively higher risk of developing the disease. However, this is not absolute heredity; it simply indicates a familial clustering tendency. Treatment for Hashimoto's thyroiditis is relatively effective. If hypothyroidism occurs, one only needs to take lifelong replacement therapy with levothyroxine to maintain thyroid function within the normal range, which has minimal impact on the body. Therefore, there is no need for excessive worry.

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Written by Tang Zhuo
Endocrinology
1min 41sec home-news-image

How is Hashimoto's thyroiditis treated?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a chronic autoimmune disease and is the most common form of thyroid inflammation clinically. It can be diagnosed through thyroid function tests, iodine-131 uptake tests, thyroid antibody tests, and ultrasound examinations. If there are changes in imaging or if serum anti-thyroglobulin antibodies and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies are positive, a diagnosis can be confirmed. Regarding treatment, if thyroid function is normal in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, no treatment is necessary, but close monitoring and observation are advised. If Hashimoto's thyroiditis is accompanied by transient hyperthyroidism, symptomatic treatment with beta-blockers can be administered. If there is a decrease in thyroid gland function, thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be initiated, typically with levothyroxine tablets, until thyroid function tests return to normal. Additionally, daily care is important, such as avoiding high doses of iodine intake, maintaining regular sleep patterns, avoiding staying up late, maintaining a positive and optimistic mood, avoiding anxiety and stress, preventing common cold and trauma infections, and ensuring a balanced diet with high protein, low fat, high carbohydrate, and high vitamin content.

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Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
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Does Hashimoto's thyroiditis cause weight loss?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune thyroiditis where autoantibodies within the body cause the destruction of thyroid follicular cells, leading to thyroid cell failure. During the course of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism may occur. Due to the destruction of thyroid follicles by autoantibodies, a significant release of thyroid hormones into the blood occurs, resulting in a hyperthyroid state. Therefore, symptoms such as weight loss, heat intolerance, and excessive sweating which are typical of hyperthyroidism may also appear in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, as the disease progresses, the condition gradually leads to decreased thyroid function.

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Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis diagnostic indicators

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a type of autoimmune thyroiditis, which can present in various phases regarding thyroid function, manifesting as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or normal thyroid function. Therefore, for patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, it is necessary to check thyroid function to understand its status. Since Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune thyroiditis, the thyroid peroxidase antibodies and thyroglobulin antibodies are generally elevated. Additionally, it is necessary to perform thyroid ultrasound to assess the thyroid's condition. For some difficult-to-distinguish patients, a further examination such as a 131I uptake test can be conducted, where the uptake rate in Hashimoto's thyroiditis is reduced. Even further, a fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid can be performed, where we can observe significant lymphocyte infiltration.

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Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
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Does Hashimoto's thyroiditis require medication?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis refers to the destruction of thyroid tissue by autoimmune cells. Therefore, during the course of the disease, three states of thyroid function can be manifested: hyperthyroidism, euthyroid state, and hypothyroidism. When the patient presents with hyperthyroidism, it is possible to treat with anti-thyroid drugs, but the dosage of the anti-thyroid drugs should be reduced. When thyroid function is normal, no special treatment is needed, and regular thyroid function testing is sufficient. When there is concurrent hypothyroidism, thyroid hormone replacement therapy is required to achieve clinical healing.

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Written by Xu Dong Dong
Endocrinology
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Can Hashimoto's thyroiditis breastfeed?

Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis can breastfeed. It is important for those in a hyperthyroid phase, especially when taking anti-thyroid medications, to switch to breastfeeding-safe medications beforehand and to regularly monitor thyroid function to ensure it remains within normal limits. Patients in a hypothyroid phase should also regularly monitor their thyroid function and adjust their replacement medication dosage accordingly. Newborns should have their thyroid function and related antibodies regularly tested from birth onwards. (Please medicate under the guidance of a physician.)