Endometriosis has several manifestations.

Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 25, 2024
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When women suffer from endometriosis, the clinical manifestations can vary depending on the specific location of the ectopic endometrial tissue, but there are some commonalities. A major symptom is pain related to menstruation, such as dysmenorrhea. For example, ovarian chocolate cysts can cause progressively worsening dysmenorrhea and affect the amount of menstrual flow; issues like increased menstrual volume and prolonged menstrual periods can also occur, and some women may experience pain during intercourse. Endometriosis often leads to the occurrence of pelvic adhesions, so some women may also experience chronic pelvic pain. When endometrial tissue is located on the ovaries, it can affect normal ovulation and hormone secretion, leading to irregular menstrual cycles and infertility.

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Written by Wang Jing Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can endometriosis be cured?

The treatment of endometriosis should be determined based on the individual's specific circumstances. Complete cure typically requires the removal of both ovaries. As long as the ovaries are present, there generally is no talk of a complete cure; treatment can only control the condition. It is possible to surgically remove lesions and use medication to reduce the likelihood of recurrence. The specific treatment for endometriosis should be determined based on factors such as age, whether there is a desire for children, and specific symptoms like painful periods and bleeding conditions.

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Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Consequences of Endometriosis

The consequences of endometriosis primarily include abnormal menstruation and infertility, with about 50% of those affected experiencing infertility. The reasons for this stem from the abnormal pelvic structures caused by endometriosis, as well as extensive adhesions of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, and abnormal motility of the fallopian tubes, all of which lead to reduced functions in transporting sperm and eggs. Furthermore, changes in the microenvironment within the pelvis also lead to infertility. Abnormal menstruation is mainly characterized by an increased amount of menstrual flow and prolonged menstrual periods, which can easily lead to anemia in patients.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Endometriosis symptoms

When women suffer from endometriosis, the typical symptom is progressively worsening dysmenorrhea. What is progressively worsening dysmenorrhea? It is mainly because the ectopic endometrial tissue also becomes congested, swollen, and sheds each month during menstruation, causing the ectopic lesions to gradually enlarge, thus making the dysmenorrhea increasingly painful. Some women may have ovarian endometriomas or ectopic endometrial lesions in the posterior cul-de-sac of the vagina, which can also cause severe pain during intercourse. Ovarian endometriomas can also affect the normal ovulation of the ovaries, leading to menstrual cycle disorders, such as irregular menstruation or increased menstrual flow, among other phenomena. Endometriosis can also alter the pelvic environment, leading to difficulties in conception for women.

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Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can endometriosis lead to pregnancy?

Endometriosis can lead to pregnancy, but about 50% of those affected may not conceive. This is because the disease can cause abnormal anatomical structures in the female pelvic, leading to extensive adhesions around the fallopian tubes, thus affecting the movement of the tubes. This, in turn, impairs their function in transporting the fertilized egg. Therefore, for patients wishing to conceive, it is advisable to monitor follicular development with an ultrasound and have intercourse during the ovulation period, which could increase the chances of pregnancy.

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Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How is endometriosis diagnosed?

Endometriosis is a condition where the uterine lining grows outside of the uterine cavity, commonly seen in the pelvic region, particularly above the ovaries. Therefore, ultrasound (B-ultrasound) examinations are primarily used for accuracy. The ultrasound may reveal a large mass on one side of the fallopian tubes or ovaries, with uneven content inside. During the ultrasound, it can also be observed that the capsule of the mass is intact. Additionally, during a gynecological examination, the doctor may also feel a mass in the adnexa.