Does subarachnoid hemorrhage have a genetic component?

Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
Updated on September 18, 2024
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage, this disease does not have a significant genetic tendency, so there is no need to worry excessively. The main cause of the bleeding is the rupture of an aneurysm, which is due to abnormal blood vessel development resulting in fusiform aneurysms that rupture and bleed under certain conditions. Additionally, there are other causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage, such as long-term smoking which can cause arterial disease, some arteriovenous malformations are also prone to rupture and bleed, and some traumatic injuries can also lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage; these are not hereditary. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rather dangerous condition, so it is essential to control risk factors, properly manage blood pressure, and absolutely avoid smoking. If severe headaches, nausea, and vomiting occur, it is crucial to be highly vigilant and seek medical attention at a hospital immediately.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a very dangerous disease primarily caused by the rupture of the meninges or blood vessels at the base of the skull, leading to blood entering the subarachnoid space. Clinically, the most common cause is an aneurysm, but it can also occur with some arteriovenous malformations. Subarachnoid hemorrhage can cause severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, and other complications, with severe cases leading to coma. Common complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage include, firstly, rebleeding. The probability of rebleeding is very high, and if it occurs, the disability and mortality rates of the patient significantly increase. Secondly, cerebral vasospasm, which is an important complication that can lead to severe cerebral thrombosis due to intense constriction of the blood vessels. Thirdly, it can cause secondary hyponatremia, leading to electrolyte imbalance. Additionally, complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage include increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus, and more.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage clinical manifestations

When a subarachnoid hemorrhage occurs, patients can experience varying degrees of headache, usually unbearable, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Projectile vomiting indicates high intracranial pressure in the patient. Hours after the second subarachnoid hemorrhage, signs of meningeal irritation can appear, generally presenting positively, such as neck stiffness, headache, vomiting, etc. The third issue involves varying degrees of consciousness and mental disorders in patients, and some may even display symptoms of epilepsy. Therefore, with the appearance of the above clinical symptoms, patients should actively seek treatment from a neurologist for further management.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Does subarachnoid hemorrhage require surgery?

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rather dangerous disease with very high mortality and disability rates. It mainly manifests as sudden severe headaches, nausea, and vomiting, and complications such as bleeding, cerebral vasospasm, and electrolyte disorders can occur. The most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is due to the rupture of an aneurysm. Therefore, it is generally advocated that patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage undergo surgery as soon as possible. The surgical method mainly involves local anesthesia, and a complete cerebral angiography is performed to check for the presence of an aneurysm. If an aneurysm is present, an interventional embolization can be performed, which causes less trauma and generally has a better prognosis. If there is a large amount of bleeding and the patient's life is in danger, a craniotomy may also be necessary. Thus, patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage need to undergo surgical treatment.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rather dangerous disease, generally caused by the rupture of an aneurysm, but it can also be due to cerebral arteriovenous malformations. The symptoms of the hemorrhage mainly manifest as severe headache, with many patients describing it as the worst headache of their life. Additionally, patients may experience significant nausea and vomiting, and signs of meningeal irritation such as neck stiffness. Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage may also develop a fever, though typically not exceeding 38 degrees Celsius, and may experience cerebral vasospasms. If the spasms are severe, they could lead to secondary cerebral thrombosis. Moreover, if the bleeding is substantial, the patient may also suffer from consciousness disorders such as coma, as well as serious complications like electrolyte imbalances and hyponatremia.

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Written by Chen Yu Fei
Neurosurgery
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The difference between cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage

There is a significant difference between cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. For subarachnoid hemorrhage, the specific causes are mainly divided into two types. The first cause is due to trauma, violent strikes, car accidents, or falls from heights, leading to localized vascular rupture and extensive subarachnoid hemorrhage. It generally presents as obvious high-density shadows in the ventricular system or cisterns. The occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage often leads to symptoms such as headache, dizziness, neck stiffness, and positive meningeal irritation signs. The other situation is spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, most often due to intracranial aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations. Cerebral hemorrhage is primarily due to hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, which is more likely to occur, mostly seen in the bilateral basal ganglia, presenting as localized high-density shadows.