Thalassemia, commonly referred to as "Mediterranean anemia," is a hereditary hemolytic anemia caused by mutations or deletions in globin genes, leading to insufficient synthesis of globin peptide chains. Cases with a deficiency in the globin chain are called thalassemia. Regarding whether a thalassemia fetus should be carried to term, one must first consider the maternal family history, including any history of stillbirths, occurrences of hydrops fetalis (swelling in infants), or cases of severe thalassemia in children, as well as instances where both parents are carriers, marking a high-risk pregnancy. In such cases, strict prenatal diagnosis is required. Prenatal diagnosis includes taking samples of fetal chorion, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord blood for genetic analysis. If severe thalassemia or Hemoglobin Barts Hydrops Fetalis Syndrome is detected in the fetus, the pregnancy should be terminated immediately. Therefore, it is recommended to terminate pregnancies where the fetus is found to have severe thalassemia or Hemoglobin Barts Hydrops Fetalis Syndrome.