Symptoms of duodenal ulcer

Written by Huang Gang
Gastroenterology
Updated on September 09, 2024
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What are the symptoms of duodenal ulcers? Generally, the most obvious symptom of a duodenal ulcer is pain on an empty stomach, which often occurs at midnight or early morning, causing one to wake up from sleep in pain. This is a relatively clear symptom. When this symptom occurs, it is best to go to the hospital for a gastroscope examination as soon as possible. After a clear diagnosis, medication should be taken regularly and according to the treatment course for a cure. Generally, taking medications that inhibit gastric acid secretion and protect the intestinal mucosa, and medications for gastric mucosa, can be quite effective. It is also necessary to test for Helicobacter pylori, and if there is a concurrent infection, antibacterial treatment should be carried out.

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Where does a duodenal ulcer hurt?

Firstly, the common sites for duodenal ulcers are the anterior and posterior walls posterior to the bulb, as well as the area behind the duodenal bulb itself. The pain symptoms typically show a pattern. For example, the pain occurs in recurrent, cyclical episodes related to eating, manifesting as sporadic abdominal pain about 2cm above the right side of the belly button, more pronounced on an empty stomach, and alleviating after meals. Sometimes, there is also pain during the night. If the ulcer is located behind the duodenal bulb, it often causes back pain. The main cause is usually an infection with Helicobacter pylori, and eradication therapy can generally cure the condition.

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What are the symptoms of duodenal ulcers?

The main symptoms of duodenal ulcers include upper abdominal bloating, burping, acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, and indigestion. The characteristic of the upper abdominal pain associated with duodenal ulcers is that the pain intensifies when hungry and decreases after eating. In terms of treatment, the main approach includes acid suppression to protect the stomach, promoting gastric motility, and protecting the gastric mucosa, with the treatment course lasting about six weeks. Additionally, a Carbon-14 breath test is necessary to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection, as Helicobacter pylori has been confirmed as the most important cause of peptic ulcers. If the Helicobacter pylori infection is positive, a 14-day treatment targeting Helicobacter pylori is required, using a regimen of a proton pump inhibitor, two antibiotics, and a bismuth agent.

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The manifestations of duodenal ulcer.

Duodenal ulcers can cause symptoms such as upper abdominal pain, belching, acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, poor appetite, and indigestion. The characteristic of upper abdominal pain in duodenal ulcers typically lessens after eating and worsens when hungry. A gastroscope can reveal defects in the duodenal mucosa, confirming a diagnosis of duodenal ulcer. About 90%-100% of patients with duodenal ulcers are infected with Helicobacter pylori, therefore, a Carbon-14 breath test is recommended to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection. If the infection is positive, a 14-day eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori is required, involving a proton pump inhibitor, two types of antibiotics, and a bismuth agent. Additionally, treatment for duodenal ulcers includes acid suppression, gastric protection, enhancing gastric motility, and protecting the gastric mucosa. The treatment typically lasts about six weeks.

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Does duodenal ulcer cause bloating?

Duodenal ulcers can lead to bloating because the duodenum is located just below the pylorus. Once an ulcer occurs in the duodenum, it can cause swelling of the pylorus. Consequently, when the pylorus is swollen, it becomes difficult for gases to be expelled from the stomach, leading to a likelihood of bloating in patients. Once a patient develops a duodenal ulcer, it is imperative first to use proton pump inhibitors to suppress gastric acid secretion to alleviate congestion and swelling of the duodenal mucosa. Secondly, medications that protect the stomach lining, such as magnesium aluminum carbonate and sucralfate, should be used for treatment. (Please follow medical advice regarding medication.)

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Symptoms and Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer

Duodenal bulb ulcers often manifest as hunger-like pain in the upper abdomen, which relieves after eating, accompanied by nocturnal pain. Symptoms also include acid reflux, heartburn, nausea, etc. If there is bleeding, symptoms may include black stools and vomiting blood. Treatment depends on whether there is a Helicobacter pylori infection. If there is a Helicobacter pylori infection, antibacterial treatment is required, commonly using a triple or quadruple antibiotic therapy for two weeks. If there is no Helicobacter pylori infection, symptomatic treatment is sufficient, generally using proton pump inhibitors and gastroprotective medications such as bismuth agents. Additionally, it is important to develop good dietary and lifestyle habits to prevent recurrence.