How long after ovarian teratoma surgery can one become pregnant?

Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
Updated on March 13, 2025
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When suffering from ovarian teratomas, it is necessary to undergo surgical removal as soon as possible. For women with fertility needs, it is generally possible to plan for pregnancy three months after the surgery. Ovarian teratomas are mostly benign, and the body can usually recover quickly after the surgery, approximately 2-3 months later, at which point the ovaries generally resume normal ovulatory function. It is recommended that women undergo regular follow-ups at the hospital after the surgical removal, as there is a possibility of recurrence of teratomas. Moreover, it is advisable to schedule intercourse based on the ovulation status.

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Written by Sun Shan Shan
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Are teratomas mostly benign?

Ovarian teratomas belong to the category of germ cell tumors, which are divided into mature teratomas and immature teratomas. Immature teratomas are malignant and account for 1%-3% of ovarian teratomas, thus they occur relatively less frequently. These are more commonly found in young patients, with an average age of 11-19 years. Mature teratomas, also known as dermoid cysts, are benign and can account for 10%-20% of ovarian tumors and 85%-97% of germ cell tumors, comprising over 95% of ovarian teratomas. These can occur at any age, but are most common between 20-40 years, often unilateral, and may contain components such as fats, hair, and sometimes teeth and bone tissues. Thus, the majority of mature teratomas are benign tumors.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Do teratomas hurt?

Teratomas themselves do not cause pain, especially when they are relatively small, women often have no clinical symptoms. As the size gradually increases, the tumor pulls on the surrounding ligaments, causing abdominal discomfort, such as a feeling of abdominal heaviness, or even abdominal pain. Some women may also experience infection or adhesions with surrounding tissues, leading to abdominal pain. Additionally, some women may have malignant transformation of their teratoma, which invades surrounding tissues and nerves, possibly causing headaches. A small number of women may experience a change in the position of the teratoma after pregnancy or urination, leading to torsion, which can obstruct the blood flow to the tumor, resulting in necrosis and bleeding, causing acute abdominal pain.

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Written by Fan Li Ping
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can ovarian teratomas become cancerous?

Most ovarian teratomas are a type of benign tumor on the ovaries, but a few may become malignant. Therefore, if an ultrasound suggests an ovarian teratoma and it is relatively small, around two to three centimeters, without any symptoms, we can temporarily observe it. However, the condition is that we should test for tumor markers, such as checking if there are significant increases in CA-125 or AFP, to see if there's a tendency for malignancy. Another condition is that regular follow-up examinations are essential. If there's a sudden increase in size in a short period or a continuous growth, it is advisable to consider surgical treatment, as early surgical intervention tends to have better outcomes.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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Does teratoma affect the fetus?

Teratoma is a common benign ovarian tumor in women, and most teratomas do not affect the fetus. Since the majority of teratomas are smaller than 5cm, even under the stimulation of pregnancy, teratomas generally do not grow significantly large, and it is generally considered that small teratomas do not affect the fetus. However, if the teratoma is very large, more than 8cm, there is a risk of rupture and infection during pregnancy, which could potentially affect the fetus. For large teratomas during pregnancy, enhanced monitoring is necessary to avoid rupture and infection, in order to protect the fetus.

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Written by Yan Qiao
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Does a teratoma that is too large affect fertility?

Ovarian teratoma is a type of commonly seen benign ovarian tumor. Even though it is benign, like in the case of teratomas, it can still potentially affect a woman's fertility. The critical factors are the location and the size of the ovarian tumor. If the tumor originates from the center of the ovary, it is likely to cause significant damage to the ovarian tissue. Additionally, if the tumor is large, it can also cause substantial damage to the normal tissue. These factors can impact a woman’s fertility, leading to a decline or even complete loss of reproductive function. Whether fertility is retained depends on the function of the ovary on the other side.