What are the late-stage symptoms of rectal cancer?

Written by Yan Chun
Oncology
Updated on November 06, 2024
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The late-stage symptoms of rectal cancer patients in clinical practice mainly include the following types. The first type is abdominal symptoms caused locally by rectal cancer. For example: bloody stools, pass stools with mucous and pus, anal pain, bloating, abdominal pain, and other manifestations. The second category of symptoms is those from metastases in various locations. For example, bone metastases cause bone pain and limb movement disorders. Lung metastases cause chest tightness, shortness of breath after activity, chest pain, breathing difficulties, coughing and coughing up blood, etc. Brain metastases cause headaches, dizziness, and seizures. The third category of symptoms is mainly systemic symptoms caused by rectal cancer lesions, such as: weight loss, fatigue, and high fever.

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What is good to eat after rectal cancer surgery?

Patients who have undergone surgery for rectal cancer should pay attention to the following points regarding their diet: First, consume a moderate amount of foods containing monounsaturated fatty acids, such as olive oil and tuna. Second, avoid overheating animal products and vegetable oils during cooking. Third, eat more foods rich in dietary fiber, such as konjac, soy and its products, fresh vegetables and fruits, and algae. Fourth, intake vitamins and trace elements by eating fresh vegetables and fruits to supplement carotene and vitamin C, and consume appropriate amounts of walnuts, peanut milk, products, and seafood to supplement vitamin E. Pay attention to the intake of foods rich in the trace element selenium, such as malt, fish, and mushrooms.

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Written by Gong Chun
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What is the best food to eat after rectal cancer surgery?

For malignant tumors and colorectal cancer, the suggested dietary recommendations after surgery include, first and foremost, consuming nutritious foods to replenish the nutrients depleted by the surgery and the tumor. It is advisable to eat more nutritional items. Secondly, after surgery for rectal cancer, it's important to avoid hard-to-digest and gas-producing foods such as beans, milk, and eggs. Thirdly, it is recommended to consume easily digestible items like soups and nutritious porridge. The fourth recommendation is to avoid spicy and irritating foods, and abstain from alcohol and smoking.

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Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
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Rectal cancer stage III

Rectal cancer staging is based on the TNM system. "T" refers to the primary tumor, and its stage depends on which layer of the bowel wall the tumor has invaded. "N" is based on whether there are lymph node metastases and the number of lymph nodes involved. "M" indicates whether there are metastases to distant organs. Staging is determined according to the TNM situation, where Stage I is the earliest and Stage IV is the latest. Stage III indicates lymph node metastasis without distant organ metastases, such as to the liver or lungs. In such cases, irrespective of whether T is T1 to T4, if there is lymph node involvement without distant organ metastasis, it is staged as Stage III.

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Written by Yan Chun
Oncology
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Early symptoms of rectal cancer

The early symptoms of rectal cancer generally include the following aspects: many patients experience changes in their bowel habits, such as prolonged diarrhea, prolonged constipation, or alternating occurrences of diarrhea and constipation. Some patients also experience changes in the characteristics of their stools, with stools becoming thinner and more watery due to increased bowel movements. Additionally, some patients may excrete stools mixed with mucus, pus, and blood, or stools that contain blood, and may experience a feeling of urgency followed by a sensation of incomplete evacuation. Some patients also feel itching or a dull pain in the anal area. Moreover, the early symptoms of rectal cancer are not very prominent, and many patients can easily confuse them with benign rectal diseases such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures. This confusion leads many patients not to seek medical attention, and by the time symptoms like significant pain and lumps appear, the disease is typically in its intermediate or advanced stages.

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Written by Si Li Li
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Is rectal bleeding an indication of rectal cancer?

Rectal bleeding is not necessarily colorectal cancer; there are several reasons for rectal bleeding: First, caused by constipation, which leads to difficulty during bowel movements and tearing of the anal mucosa, resulting in bleeding. Second, ulcerative colitis, which commonly presents symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and blood and mucus in the stool. Third, rectal or colon cancer, where the main symptoms also include abdominal pain, changes in stool characteristics, and rectal bleeding. Fourth, ischemic bowel disease, generally seen in older patients with some cardiovascular and ischemic diseases, where symptoms mainly include significant abdominal pain and rectal bleeding. Therefore, not all cases of rectal bleeding are due to rectal cancer; there are many causes, and it is essential to diagnose clearly before treatment.