In general, anal fistulas close to the anus are considered low anal fistulas. Clinically, anal fistulas are classified as either high or low based on the levator ani muscle as the boundary. Those located above the levator ani muscle are considered high anal fistulas, while those below are considered low anal fistulas. Clinically, the treatment for anal fistulas primarily involves surgical intervention. Options include fistulectomy, which involves the removal of the internal opening and the fistula tract. Post-surgery care may include the use of anal cleansing agents, red oil gauze strips, and golden ointment for dressing changes to promote wound healing. It is important to maintain smooth bowel movements and consume a light diet. High, complex anal fistulas may easily damage the anal sphincter or even the anorectal ring, leading to fecal incontinence. Therefore, during surgery, the thread hanging method may be chosen to avoid excessive damage to the anal sphincter.