What color is the pus from an anal fistula?

Written by Yang Dong
Colorectal Surgery Department
Updated on September 09, 2024
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An anal fistula is a sinus tract and fistula formed from an infection of the anal sinuses and glands. During the infection phase, there is a possibility of swelling, pain, and pus discharge. This discharge may be yellow pus or pus mixed with blood. Regardless of the color, it is crucial to seek prompt medical treatment at a hospital and undergo thorough treatment, rather than attempting conservative treatment on one's own.

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Written by Yang Dong
Colorectal Surgery Department
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Anal fistula etiology

The cause of an anal fistula is due to infection of the anal glands. In normal human anatomy, there is a location at the junction of the rectum and the anal canal called the anal sinus or anal gland, which is relatively weak. If it is damaged, intestinal bacteria can enter the anal gland, causing inflammation. Over time, the infected anal gland leads to further abscesses towards the perianal space, causing a perianal abscess. After the perianal abscess ruptures, it further develops into an anal fistula.

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Written by Yang Dong
Colorectal Surgery Department
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What department should I see for anal fistula?

Anal fistula is caused by infection of the anal sinuses and glands. It manifests as hard lumps or cord-like objects around the anus, and may involve recurrent swelling, pain, and discharge of pus. In such cases, it is necessary to consult a colorectal surgeon. Generally, if diagnosed with an anal fistula, surgical treatment is required, as conservative treatment usually does not result in a cure.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Best treatment method for anal fistula abscess

The best treatment method for anal fistula and perianal abscess is surgical treatment, which is also the only curative method. Conservative treatment using drugs alone can only alleviate local inflammatory symptoms and cannot achieve complete cure. The main surgical method is the cutting and threading technique. This involves threading and ligating the infected area and the sphincter muscle. Through the slow cutting and drainage action of the ligature, the infection focus is removed while protecting the anal sphincter. Postoperatively, it is also important to pay attention to disinfecting and draining the local wound, ensuring proper dressing changes, and preventing poor drainage that could lead to infection or recurrence. It is advised that patients avoid spicy and irritating foods for the first six months after surgery.

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Written by Yang Dong
Colorectal Surgery Department
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Is the probability of anal fistula turning into cancer high?

An anal fistula, formed due to an anal gland infection, carries a higher risk of malignant transformation if the infection and inflammation are recurrent and persistent, particularly over a long period exceeding five years. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that anal fistulas exceeding five years should be given sufficient attention and surgical treatment should be pursued promptly to prevent malignancy.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What causes anal fistulas?

The most common cause of anal fistula is perianal abscess. Both anal fistula and perianal abscess involve infections at the anal crypts. Typically, an anal fistula forms naturally after a perianal abscess ruptures. Once an anal fistula occurs, it requires prompt surgical treatment. The primary surgical technique is fistulotomy with seton placement, thoroughly removing the local lesion and infection focus to allow fresh granulation tissue to regrow. Anal fistula is a local infectious disease of the anus, generally categorized into simple superficial anal fistula and high-risk complex anal fistula. If a high-position complex anal fistula is suspected, further diagnosis may require additional examination with pelvic MRI or perianal ultrasonography. After the rupture of a perianal abscess, it typically forms a characteristic internal and external opening, with a fistula tract connecting them, thereby forming the typical anal fistula.