What is inside a thrombotic external hemorrhoid?

Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on September 14, 2024
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Thrombotic external hemorrhoids are a common clinical presentation of external hemorrhoids. During an episode, blood clots generally form within the hemorrhoidal nucleus, which means that thrombotic external hemorrhoids mainly consist of blood clot particles. Because the blood clots are wrapped inside the hemorrhoidal nucleus, the pressure inside the nucleus increases, leading to congestion and edema. Patients experience significant pain and a feeling of fullness. Severe symptoms may also affect the patient's ability to sit or walk normally. Therefore, it is crucial to treat thrombotic external hemorrhoids early in their development. For early-stage mild thrombotic external hemorrhoids, local treatments such as hot compresses with hemorrhoidal medication or manual pressure can be employed to promote the absorption of the blood clots. Oral medications that reduce swelling, relieve pain, and stop bleeding can also be used for symptomatic relief. If thrombotic external hemorrhoids recur frequently or if conservative medication fails, surgical excision and stripping of the thrombotic external hemorrhoids can also be considered.

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Written by Deng Heng
Colorectal Surgery
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External hemorrhoids are divided into several types.

External hemorrhoids refer to hemorrhoids below the dentate line and are divided into four types. The first type is the connective tissue type of external hemorrhoids, which are formed by the proliferation and bulging of excess skin at the anal margin. The second type is the varicose vein type of external hemorrhoids, formed by the dilation and bending of the venous plexus below the dentate line. The third type is inflammatory external hemorrhoids, which is a state where external hemorrhoids become inflamed. The fourth type is the thrombosed external hemorrhoid, which is formed by bleeding due to the rupture of the subcutaneous veins at the anal margin, resulting in a blood clot.

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Written by Yang Dong
Colorectal Surgery Department
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The difference between rectal prolapse and external hemorrhoids.

Rectal prolapse is the protrusion of the rectal mucosa, which manifests as an eversion of the mucosa presenting as pink-colored, cylindrical protrusions. These can usually be manually repositioned back into the anus, appearing smooth once repositioned. In contrast, external hemorrhoids are mostly caused by varicosities and are the same color as the skin. They cannot be completely repositioned manually, which distinguishes them from rectal prolapse.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What fruits should be eaten for thrombotic external hemorrhoids?

During the acute phase of thrombosed external hemorrhoids, patients experience varying degrees of pain in the anal region, occasionally accompanied by a feeling of bloating. Therefore, the diet should primarily consist of light, liquid, and easy-to-digest foods. If consuming fruits, it is best to eat soft, cool-natured fruits such as dragon fruit and bananas, avoiding hard or tropical fruits that may cause dry stools, which can exacerbate the symptoms of thrombosed external hemorrhoids. During the acute phase of thrombosed external hemorrhoids, in addition to dietary considerations, it is also necessary to use topical hemorrhoid cream locally or undergo surgery to excise and strip the local thrombosis for significant symptom relief, to prevent the condition from worsening, which could lead to increased thrombosis or necrosis.

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Written by Deng Heng
Colorectal Surgery
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What foods to eat for thrombotic external hemorrhoids?

Thrombotic external hemorrhoids are primarily caused by inflammation of the anal veins, or by the rupture and thrombus formation of the anal venous plexus due to excessive straining. The main symptoms are a sudden bluish-purple swelling at the edge of the anus or severe pain. The primary cause is usually due to constipation. Therefore, it's important to maintain smooth bowel movements when eating. Increasing the intake of vegetables and fruits and reducing the consumption of meat, while ensuring regular bowel movements, is most crucial.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What are the effects of external hemorrhoid fumigation and washing liquid?

Shrink hemorrhoids, eliminate swelling. For the treatment of external hemorrhoids, one can choose Chinese herbal washes to fumigate the affected area, apply hot compresses, or take sitz baths. Their primary efficacy is to shrink the local external hemorrhoidal nodules and reduce swelling through the effects of the medication, or to enable the self-absorption of thrombosis and varicose veins within the local nodules. Beyond local fumigation agents, the treatment of external hemorrhoids can also include applying ointments or using suppositories. It is also necessary to maintain good bowel habits to avoid further irritation and enlargement from stool. If repeated treatment for external hemorrhoids is ineffective, or if the local symptoms are severe, surgery may be considered to remove the external hemorrhoids completely.