How is cholelithiasis cholecystitis treated?

Written by Li Ying
Gastroenterology
Updated on September 15, 2024
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The treatment of cholecystitis with gallstones is divided into two main categories. The first category refers to the treatment of asymptomatic gallstone cholecystitis, as well as symptomatic treatment. For asymptomatic cases, treatment can include dietary management for chronic, symptom-free cholecystitis, including those with gallstones. In symptomatic cases, the treatment focuses on improving gallbladder function and symptomatic relief. Dietary treatment mainly suggests regular meals without overeating, promoting a regular eating pattern. The second method is to use medication to improve gallbladder function, and preventive gallbladder removal can also be considered. For symptomatic cases, the primary goal is to control symptoms and reduce inflammation, mainly through medication. If medical treatment is not effective, surgical options may be considered.

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What to do if you have cholecystitis?

Cholecystitis usually occurs in people with gallstones or gallbladder polyps. Patients with cholecystitis generally experience discomfort and bloating pain in the upper right abdomen. Cholecystitis is an inflammation of the inner wall of the gallbladder, which can cause abdominal pain in mild cases and lead to bile stasis and suppurative cholecystitis in severe cases. The first step in treating cholecystitis is to actively use antibiotics. Those with cholecystitis should actively use antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs. It is also important to maintain a light diet and avoid consuming too many greasy foods. To prevent recurrence, it is generally recommended that patients take oral anti-inflammatory and bile-promoting tablets after cholecystitis symptoms are controlled. These medications can play a preventive role in patients with acute and chronic cholecystitis.

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What are the symptoms when there are problems with the gallbladder?

Gallbladder issues, specifically symptoms of cholecystitis, mainly include chills, fever, persistent dull pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, episodic colic pain that radiates to the right shoulder and back, and may also be accompanied by jaundice, dark urine, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Patients with cholecystitis often experience sudden pain at night, typically due to overeating or consuming greasy foods. Once cholecystitis occurs, it is advised to seek medical attention at a regular hospital as soon as possible, complete the relevant diagnostic tests, such as imaging studies of the abdomen, consider surgical treatment, and engage in active anti-infection treatment.

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Is hot compress effective for cholecystitis?

The main symptoms of cholecystitis include pain in the upper right abdomen and fever. If this occurs, applying heat to the painful area may temporarily relieve the pain, but it is merely a symptomatic treatment and not a cure, as cholecystitis is caused by an infection and requires antibiotic treatment. Therefore, the fundamental treatment is to reduce inflammation. Merely using heat for relief does not address the root of the disease. Thus, it is essential to receive treatment in a hospital, where a doctor can prescribe medication, which is the most effective and fundamental method.

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Does cholecystitis require surgery?

Whether cholecystitis requires surgery depends on the acute or chronic status of the inflammation and its severity. If it is acute suppurative cholecystitis, emergency surgery is needed to avoid gallbladder perforation and resultant peritonitis, which could lead to serious septic shock, thus emergency surgical treatment is necessary. If it is mild chronic cholecystitis, elective surgery can be considered, and there is no need for emergency treatment. If it is asymptomatic chronic cholecystitis, it can also be managed with dietary adjustments and symptomatic medical treatment, and surgery may not be strictly necessary.

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How to diagnose cholecystitis?

Firstly, we can use physical examination to check. Acute cholecystitis will show tenderness in the upper right abdomen. If pressing below the right ribs causes significant pain, it is likely to be acute cholecystitis. Secondly, instrument examination can be utilized, with the most common and cost-effective being an ultrasound examination. When examining cholecystitis, fasting is required; no food should be consumed for at least eight hours. Additionally, modern CT scans or MRI can be used to help determine whether there is inflammation in the gallbladder. Blood tests can also be conducted; an increase in white blood cells in a routine blood test can indicate the presence of inflammation.