How is rickets diagnosed?

Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
Updated on October 27, 2024
00:00
00:00

Rickets is a chronic nutritional disease caused by a deficiency in vitamin D, which leads to a disruption in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, resulting in abnormal bone development. Typically, the initial symptoms of rickets are most commonly seen 2-3 months after birth. At this stage, affected children often show neurological symptoms such as excessive sweating unrelated to the season, irritability, particularly in infants under three months old who can become easily agitated, and exhibit straining as if constipated, but these are not specific symptoms of rickets. Early diagnosis generally requires specific tests such as blood biochemistry to check the levels of 125 dihydroxy vitamin D3, as well as calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood, and to see if there is any change in serum alkaline phosphatase. The active phase is mainly characterized by skeletal changes, such as early signs of enlarged fontanelles or delayed closure, late teething, and sometimes a softening of the skull resembling a ping-pong ball, gradually leading to a square skull. Subsequently, changes like pigeon chest or noticeable deformities in the lower limbs such as X-shaped legs, O-shaped legs, or K-shaped legs may appear. Sometimes, there may also be curvature of the spine, with occasional scoliosis. These obvious skeletal changes make the condition more recognizable, though the initial presentations are not very typical, necessitating related biochemical blood tests.

Other Voices

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
57sec home-news-image

Why does rickets cause sweating?

Rickets is a chronic, nutritional disease characterized by skeletal lesions due to a deficiency of vitamin D in the body, leading to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. It is primarily caused by a lack of vitamin D, which can increase neural excitability. Research shows that the vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, is not only an essential nutrient but also a precursor to hormones. It is potentially related to various cells including those in the thyroid, pancreas, stomach, brain, and those involved with calcium balance, as well as the immune, endocrine, reproductive systems, skin, and tumors. A deficiency in vitamin D can increase myocardial excitability and lead to symptoms like excessive sweating.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
1min 10sec home-news-image

Rickets is a deficiency of what?

Rickets is caused by a deficiency of what? For rickets, its main gold standard for diagnosis is based on the results of blood biochemistry and skeletal X-ray examinations. Generally, the deficiency in rickets is mainly due to insufficient levels of vitamin D, which then leads to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Typically, this is characterized by low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in the body, along with decreased levels of blood calcium and phosphorus, manifesting as deficiencies in calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. However, in children, rickets could also be caused by other factors, such as abnormalities in liver or kidney function, or congenital hereditary diseases. Generally, further tests are needed to confirm rickets. If other special causes are ruled out, timely supplementation of vitamin D and appropriate exposure to sunlight, along with calcium supplementation, can effectively cure the disease.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Huang Kun Mei
Pediatrics
58sec home-news-image

Symptoms of rickets in infants and young children

The symptoms of rickets in infants and young children mainly include excessive sweating, night terrors, thinning hair at the back of the head, rib cage flaring, pigeon chest, bow legs, and knock knees, among others. If a child exhibits the above symptoms, it is necessary to promptly test for trace elements and check bone density to see if the child has symptoms of calcium deficiency. If so, it is crucial to supplement the child with vitamin D and calcium. In terms of diet, it is necessary to enhance the child's nutrition and increase outdoor activities. Ensure that the child engages in outdoor activities for more than two hours each day, particularly between 12 PM and 2 PM. Avoid exposing the child to sunlight during this time to prevent sunburn, especially to the child's eyes.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
50sec home-news-image

Which department should I go to for rickets?

Rickets, known as nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets, is a chronic nutritional disease characterized by skeletal lesions, caused by a deficiency of vitamin D in the body leading to disturbed calcium and phosphate metabolism. In the early stages of rickets, it is primarily due to insufficient levels of vitamin D, which then leads to abnormal calcium and phosphate metabolism; at this stage, it is necessary to consult the endocrinology department to correct it timely. If rickets has already caused developmental deformities of the bones, orthopedic consultation is required for corrective treatment. For instance, if children exhibit pigeon chest, or noticeable bow legs or knock knees, they need to see an orthopedic specialist.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
1min 25sec home-news-image

Early symptoms of rickets

Rickets is a chronic systemic nutritional disease caused by insufficient vitamin D in the body, leading to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, characterized by skeletal lesions, typically presenting as incomplete mineralization of the long bones' growth plates and bone tissue. In the early stages of rickets, skeletal development abnormalities are not very obvious. Infants under three months often exhibit signs of increased neural excitability, such as being prone to crying, sweating easily, and potentially frequent head shaking; however, these symptoms are not necessarily specific to rickets. Generally, at this time, there are no obvious abnormalities in skeletal development, and X-rays of the bones are normal. The focus is on vitamin levels, specifically decreased serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, as well as reduced blood calcium and phosphorus levels. Therefore, early symptoms are not so typical. It is recommended that children regularly visit pediatric clinics for physical examinations to assess their development and, if necessary, undergo trace element and vitamin D level checks.