Can Helicobacter pylori infection recur after treatment?

Written by Si Li Li
Gastroenterology
Updated on March 21, 2025
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Helicobacter pylori, once treated, does not recur, but it is possible to be infected again after the treatment is completed.

Currently, the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori in our country has exceeded 50%, so it is important to be cautious during communal meals. Due to the Chinese dietary habit of sharing dishes using the same chopsticks, it is easy to spread Helicobacter pylori. Therefore, it is advisable to use serving chopsticks, which can significantly reduce the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori.

If reinfected with Helicobacter pylori, it is necessary to undergo eradication treatment again. The treatment involves a proton pump inhibitor, two types of antibiotics, and a bismuth agent, totaling a 14-day treatment. After infection with Helicobacter pylori, dietary precautions are also needed, focusing on a light, easily digestible diet, and avoiding difficult-to-digest foods.

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Can you kiss during the treatment period for Helicobacter pylori?

During the treatment of Helicobacter pylori, it is advisable to avoid kissing, as Helicobacter pylori may be present in saliva, and kissing could transmit the infection to a partner. Also, avoid consuming strong alcohol, strong tea, coffee, and other spicy and irritant foods. Eat regularly and in moderation, chew slowly, and consume easily digestible foods along with fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamins, such as apples, bananas, tomatoes, and kiwis. It is recommended to use separate meals during the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection to prevent transmission.

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How to treat duodenal ulcer with Helicobacter pylori infection?

The treatment of duodenal ulcer accompanied by Helicobacter pylori infection begins primarily with anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy. The regimen includes a proton pump inhibitor, two types of antibiotics, and a bismuth agent, lasting a total of 14 days. In addition, for duodenal ulcers, it is necessary to use acid-suppressing and stomach-protecting medications to promote gastric mobility and protect the gastric mucosa, with the treatment course lasting six weeks. At the same time, it is important to focus on a light and easily digestible diet, avoiding smoking and drinking alcohol, as well as avoiding strong tea, coffee, spicy, irritating, fried, grilled, raw, cold, and sweet foods. It is also crucial to avoid adverse emotional effects such as anxiety, depression, and stress, prevent excessive fatigue or staying up late, and it is advised to moderately increase physical activity.

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Written by Wang Jing Bin
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How to treat Helicobacter pylori positivity?

A positive test for Helicobacter pylori requires distinguishing the specific method used for detection. If it is a positive result from a Helicobacter pylori antibody test, a breath test, including both the Carbon-14 and Carbon-13 breath tests, should be conducted. If the breath test comes back positive, further examinations are necessary, including gastroscopy and analysis of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors. The analysis of virulence factors can help determine if the Helicobacter pylori infection is highly toxic. If positive, it may indicate a potential for severe gastric diseases and necessitate treatment. For individuals with a positive Helicobacter pylori breath test, a gastroscopy is also recommended, as it is the only way to precisely determine the type of gastric disease present, such as ulcers or gastritis. Depending on the gastroscopy results, some individuals may need eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori, especially those with a history of gastric ulcers, a family history of gastric cancer, gastric polyps, erosive gastritis, or gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Others, if the virulence factor analysis is negative, might not require immediate treatment for Helicobacter pylori. However, if a patient insists on treatment for Helicobacter pylori, it can be considered, but it must be clear that there are risks involved and that the treatment should be conducted properly. Finally, treatment for Helicobacter pylori is not recommended for minors, i.e., individuals under 18 years of age.

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How long does Helicobacter pylori resistance last?

Helicobacter pylori resistance generally develops around two weeks. If Helicobacter pylori shows resistance, it is advisable to consider adjusting the treatment using other antibiotics. The eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection generally involves a two-week quadruple therapy with a bismuth-containing regimen. Furthermore, one month after stopping the eradication treatment, it is necessary to recheck with a carbon-13 breath test or a carbon-14 breath test to confirm effective eradication. Helicobacter pylori infection can cause gastritis, peptic ulcers, and malignant tumors in the stomach, among other issues.

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Can Helicobacter pylori cure itself?

Can Helicobacter pylori be self-healing? Helicobacter pylori is very stubborn; once infected, adults who do not undergo formal therapeutic interventions will be afflicted for life, meaning the cure rate is close to zero. Children, whose immune functions are not yet fully developed, may experience multiple exposures on the gastric mucosa and short-term colonization before Helicobacter pylori settles permanently, which could potentially lead to either colonization or loss of the bacteria. White populations have stronger immune resistance than colored populations. Tracking reports indicate that 50% of white children may lose the infection after contracting it, while only 4% of black children might. Generally, the infection rate is higher than the self-healing rate, indicating that Helicobacter pylori infections in adults are generally not self-resolving.