Is pericarditis serious?

Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
Updated on September 02, 2024
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Pericarditis refers to a group of diseases mainly characterized by inflammation and effusion of the pericardium. The severity of pericarditis depends on the condition of the disease. Firstly, if the inflammation and effusion of the pericardium are not severe, patients often experience symptoms such as chest tightness or chest pain. In general, this type of pericarditis is not considered severe. Secondly, if the inflammation and effusion of the pericardium are more pronounced, it can lead to pericardial effusion, especially in cases of large amounts of pericardial fluid. At this time, the condition is often quite serious, and it is essential to undergo formal treatment under the guidance of a doctor, including pericardial drainage therapy.

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Is tuberculous pericarditis hereditary?

Tuberculous pericarditis is an infectious disease, not a hereditary disease. Most cases are due to tuberculosis of the lungs, after which the tuberculosis bacteria enter the bloodstream and cause tuberculous pericarditis in the pericardium. Tuberculous pericarditis is curable. If it is confirmed to be tuberculous pericarditis, it is necessary to start anti-tuberculosis treatment as soon as possible. It may also be necessary to combine some corticosteroids for treatment. With standardized anti-tuberculosis and symptomatic supportive treatment, it can generally be completely cured. Analysis should be tailored to the actual situation.

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Constrictive pericarditis causes hepatomegaly.

The so-called constrictive pericarditis refers to the presence of fibrotic calcifications and fibrotic hyperplasia in the pericardium, which severely affects the diastolic function of the heart. Once the diastolic function of the heart is compromised, the return flow of venous blood becomes severely obstructed, leading to congestion of the liver. Therefore, once congestion of the liver and spleen occurs, enlargement of the liver can occur, and in severe cases, it can lead to systemic edema, including ascites and similar conditions. Thus, the basic principle behind the enlargement of the liver in constrictive pericarditis is as such. Especially in such cases, patients will experience severe dietary problems, including poor appetite and indigestion, which further lead to low protein levels and malnutrition, exacerbating the enlargement of the liver and edema.

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Symptoms of Acute Pericarditis

Acute pericarditis is not a common disease in daily life. What symptoms or clinical manifestations will appear after someone develops acute pericarditis? The clinical manifestations are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, patients often experience chest pain and shortness of breath, and this pain often has a certain relationship with breathing. Second, the electrocardiogram often shows changes with ST segment elevation. Third, during a physical examination, doctors can often hear pericardial friction rub, or may feel the sensation of pericardial friction. Based on these symptoms and signs, doctors often make a diagnosis of acute pericarditis.

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Symptoms of acute pericarditis

Acute pericarditis is an acute inflammatory disease of the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium, with the most common cause being viral infections. The hallmark of acute pericarditis is pain in the precardiac area behind the sternum. The nature of the pain is very sharp, typically occurring during the fibrinous exudation phase of inflammatory changes, caused by friction between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium. The pain can radiate to the neck, left shoulder, and even the upper abdomen. It is associated with respiratory movements and often worsens with coughing, deep breathing, or changing body positions. When fluid exudes into the pericardium, separating the visceral and parietal layers, the patient's pain may decrease or disappear. However, some patients may experience symptoms such as breathing difficulties and edema due to cardiac tamponade.

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Early symptoms of acute pericarditis

The early symptoms of acute pericarditis are pain, which is located behind the sternum or in the precordial area, typically seen in the fibrin exudative type of inflammation. This pain arises from the friction between the visceral pericardium and the parietal pericardium. The nature of the pain is very sharp and related to respiratory movement, commonly exacerbated by coughing, deep breathing, or swallowing. The pain can radiate to the neck, left shoulder, and left arm. As fluid accumulates in the pericardium and the two layers of the pericardium separate, the pain may decrease or disappear.