The treatment and prognosis of acute pericarditis depend on the cause, as well as early diagnosis and correct treatment. For various types of pericarditis, such as those presenting with tamponade syndrome, pericardiocentesis should be performed to relieve symptoms. Tuberculous pericarditis, if not actively treated, can evolve into chronic constrictive pericarditis. Patients with acute nonspecific pericarditis and post-cardiac injury syndrome may experience recurrent pericarditis after their initial episode, which is the most challenging complication of acute pericarditis. Clinically, it presents similarly to acute pericarditis, with recurrent episodes months to years after the initial onset, accompanied by severe chest pain. Most patients can be treated again with high doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, slowly tapering to normal over several months. If ineffective, corticosteroid therapy may be administered. (Medications should be used under the guidance of a doctor according to specific circumstances.)