Mild tricuspid and mitral valve regurgitation, what's the matter?

Written by Chen Tian Hua
Cardiology
Updated on October 27, 2024
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Mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation can be seen in normal individuals. As people age, factors such as valve degeneration can lead to mild regurgitation of the mitral and tricuspid valves. This condition does not require special treatment, and generally does not lead to adverse outcomes. Of course, certain diseases that cause heart enlargement can lead to widening of the valve rings, thus causing mild regurgitation of the mitral and tricuspid valves. For disease-induced mild regurgitation of these valves, it is crucial to actively treat the underlying disease causing heart enlargement, to prevent further enlargement of the heart and worsening of the regurgitation, thereby aggravating the condition of the heart disease.

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Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
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The reason for the formation of mitral stenosis pear-shaped heart

The heart undergoes a contraction cycle that begins once the ejection from the previous cycle is complete, necessitating the relaxation of the heart. As the heart relaxes, the mitral valve opens to allow blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle, preparing for the next heartbeat. In patients with severe mitral stenosis, a significant reduction in the return volume of blood to the heart occurs. This reduction diminishes the pumping action of the ventricle, leading to disuse atrophy of the left ventricle. Normally, the left ventricle is relatively large and capable of maintaining a normal heart shape. When the left ventricle atrophies, it results in the heart having a flatter, more rounded apex, leading to a pear-shaped heart. If the ventricles are unable to efficiently reclaim blood, the load on the left atrium increases. Consequently, the left atrium enlarges, appearing larger at the top and smaller at the bottom in an X-ray, resembling a pear. This is how a pear-shaped heart is formed.

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Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
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Possible causes of blood-streaked sputum in mitral stenosis

If the patient shows signs of mitral stenosis, it could be due to congestive heart failure causing pulmonary congestion, which may lead to blood-streaked sputum. It is also possible that the bleeding is caused by vascular dilation. For bleeding caused by mitral valve issues, symptomatic treatment is primarily used. Medications to stop bleeding can be employed, as well as vasoconstrictors to achieve hemostasis. However, it is still recommended that the patient visit a hospital to undergo cardiac echocardiography and chest CT to further confirm the diagnosis and determine the treatment plan. Currently, medications that improve myocardial function or reduce cardiac load can be used for treatment.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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The causes of embolism in mitral stenosis

Mitral stenosis in patients can lead to embolism due to the tendency of mitral stenosis to cause enlargement of the left atrium. The enlargement of the left atrium is a key anatomical factor leading to atrial fibrillation and cardiac arrhythmias. When atrial fibrillation occurs, it is easy for blood clots to form in the left atrium, especially in the area of the left atrial appendage. When a blood clot breaks off, it can travel with the bloodstream and cause occlusion of the corresponding blood vessels, resulting in embolic complications. Timely surgical intervention to treat mitral stenosis can effectively prevent complications such as atrial enlargement and blood clots caused by mitral stenosis.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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Does severe mitral valve regurgitation require surgery?

Severe mitral valve regurgitation requires surgical treatment, with options including mitral valve repair or replacement surgery. If left untreated, severe mitral regurgitation can lead to enlargement of the left ventricle and a reduction in the heart's ejection fraction, resulting in decreased pumping function and symptoms of heart failure. Patients may experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, fatigue, and nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea. Severe cases might even exhibit symptoms of acute left heart failure, such as orthopnea, profuse sweating, and coughing up pink frothy sputum. These symptoms typically necessitate hospitalization, which not only adds unnecessary financial burdens but also severely impacts the patient’s quality of life.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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What causes mitral regurgitation in young people?

Mitral regurgitation is a phenomenon caused by incomplete closure of the mitral valve. From a medical perspective, when the left ventricle contracts, the mitral valve should be closed to prevent blood from flowing back into the left atrium, ensuring that the blood in the left ventricle can be fully pumped into the aorta to meet the needs of the body's tissues and organs. If there is incomplete closure of the mitral valve, the blood in the left ventricle will flow back into the left atrium, affecting the pumping efficiency of the left ventricle. If it is a mild closure insufficiency, generally it is not a big problem, but if it is moderate to severe, it often easily triggers the onset of heart failure.