In clinical practice, hypokalemia can affect the muscular and nervous conduction systems. The most prominent symptoms of hypokalemia in the neuromuscular system are flaccid paralysis of the skeletal muscles, loss of tension in smooth muscles, and rhabdomyolysis. If the respiratory muscles are involved, it can lead to respiratory failure. Hypokalemia can also lead to insulin resistance, resulting in significantly abnormal glucose tolerance. If hypokalemia occurs clinically, it is crucial to actively treat the primary disease, appropriately supplement potassium, monitor during the supplementation process to avoid hyperkalemia, and closely monitor blood potassium levels with regular reviews.