Hypokalemia is seen in various clinical departments and can affect the nervous system, muscles, heart, digestive system, kidneys, as well as carbohydrate metabolism and acid-base balance. If hypokalemia occurs, it is important to first identify the primary disease and treat it specifically in the corresponding department. In cases of severe hypokalemia, patients should be admitted to the intensive care unit. Treatment involves addressing the primary disease and promptly supplementing potassium. Severe hypokalemia, especially if accompanied by arrhythmias or muscle paralysis, requires immediate potassium supplementation. Potassium deficiency within cells recovers slowly; treatment may take four to six days to gradually reach a balance. Additionally, it is important to timely correct other electrolyte imbalances. The specific department to which the patient is admitted mainly depends on the primary disease, but in cases of very severe conditions, potassium supplementation should be managed in the intensive care unit.