Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidneys

Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

Updated on September 18, 2024

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In fact, pyelonephritis is not really nephritis; it is actually a type of bacterial inflammatory infection. Bacteria can infect many parts of the body. If the urinary system is infected and it reaches the renal pelvis and calyces, it is referred to as pyelonephritis. Over 95% of pyelonephritis cases are caused by bacterial infections, and 70% are due to Escherichia coli. Generally, this bacteria enters the urinary system from the urethral opening and ascends to the renal pelvis and calyces, where it proliferates and causes an inflammatory response. The main clinical symptoms of the patient are fever and back pain, and the patient may also experience gross hematuria (visible blood in urine).

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Written by Pan Wu Shan

Nephrology

1min 8sec

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Does pyelonephritis cause a fever?

Pyelonephritis is actually a part of urinary tract infections, which are divided into cystitis and acute pyelonephritis. The main symptoms of cystitis are frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination, among other urinary irritative symptoms, and these do not involve fever. However, if cystitis is not treated in time, it can worsen into acute pyelonephritis, which then presents with symptoms such as fever and back pain. The fever with acute pyelonephritis can be quite high, often exceeding 38 or 39 degrees Celsius, and might last for two to three days. At this point, treatment requires anti-infective medications, which should be continued for two weeks without any interruption. If the treatment duration is insufficient, pyelonephritis may recur. It is important to drink plenty of water, urinate frequently, and avoid holding in urine. Drinking lots of water can help flush out bacteria from the urine early on, promoting a quicker recovery from the illness.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

37sec

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What foods to eat for pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is not nephritis, but a type of bacterial infection. Therefore, as a bacterial infection, there are no specific dietary restrictions for patients. Such patients should ensure adequate intake of fluids, with a recommended daily urine output of over 2000ml. This can help flush the urinary system and wash away some bacteria, reducing bacterial proliferation. Since it involves inflammation, it is advisable to follow a lighter diet, avoiding spicy, stimulating, and greasy foods, and focusing on easily digestible and warm foods.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

1min 10sec

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How is pyelonephritis caused?

Pyelonephritis can also be referred to as an upper urinary tract infection. It occurs when bacteria proliferate in parts of the kidney such as the renal pelvis and calyces, leading to inflammation. In most cases, these bacteria enter the urinary system retrogradely from the urethral opening and cause inflammation in areas like the renal pelvis and calyces. Normally, bacteria are already present at the urethral opening, and when the body's immune system is functioning well and the urinary system is unobstructed, it is difficult for these bacteria to enter the urinary system and cause an inflammatory response. However, in patients with weakened immune systems, such as those suffering from a cold, diabetes, or those using steroid medications, bacteria may enter the urinary system and replicate in large numbers. Additionally, if there are obstructive factors in the urinary system, such as prostate enlargement in male patients, or if the patient has urinary system stones or tumors, bacteria are more likely to cause an inflammatory response.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

1min 4sec

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Is pyelonephritis more serious or nephritis more serious?

Pyelonephritis is an upper urinary tract infection caused by a bacterial infection, leading to an inflammatory response in the urinary system. The severity of this condition can vary. Nephritis, on the other hand, refers to the sterile inflammation within the glomeruli of the kidney, which also varies in severity. Therefore, it is challenging to compare these two diseases in terms of their severity. In the case of pyelonephritis, most conditions are relatively more treatable, and using antibiotics can control acute pyelonephritis. However, a small number of patients may develop severe complications such as perinephric abscess, acute renal failure, renal papillary necrosis, and even death from septic shock. The severity of nephritis also varies, with symptoms ranging from significant proteinuria to mild hematuria. Therefore, a comparison should be based on the specific conditions of the patients. (The use of medications should be under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Pan Wu Shan

Nephrology

1min 11sec

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What should not be eaten with pyelonephritis?

Pyelonephritis is actually a type of urinary tract infection, which can be divided into pyelonephritis and cystitis. If the bacteria are confined to the bladder without other symptoms, it is called cystitis. At this time, anti-infection treatment is needed, and recovery can usually be achieved within about three to seven days. However, if cystitis is not treated in time, causing the bacteria to enter the kidney along the urinary tract, the patient may develop systemic fever, sometimes high fever from 38°C to 39°C, and may also experience kidney percussion pain, back pain, etc. This condition is called acute pyelonephritis, and its anti-infection treatment course requires two weeks. If the treatment course is insufficient, it is very easy to relapse. Currently, for the diet of pyelonephritis, it is important to maintain a low-salt, low-fat, light diet, avoid spicy, stimulating, cold food, drink more water, and urinate frequently.