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Uremia
Symptoms of Uremia
Once diagnosed with uremia, patients exhibit numerous clinical symptoms, though these symptoms are not completely identical across different individuals. Typically, the primary symptoms of uremia include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, with these symptoms becoming more pronounced after eating. There might even be diarrhea, an increase in the frequency of bowel movements, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Additionally, patients show signs of edema, particularly around the eyelids and face, with very noticeable swelling in the lower limbs. Severe cases may also present with pleural effusion and ascites, accompanied by a reduction in urine output. Patients may also experience dizziness, headache, elevated blood pressure, and even exhibit pallor, anemia, itchy skin, bone pain, and intolerance to cold, among various other clinical symptoms.
Causes of Uremia
Uremia is a syndrome caused by the progressive development of various chronic kidney diseases that ultimately leads to bilateral renal failure in patients, unable to timely remove excess water, electrolytes, and various toxins from the body. The causes of uremia are many and complex. Common causes include chronic nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertensive nephropathy. Other diseases such as chronic interstitial nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, uric acid nephropathy, chronic obstructive nephropathy, renal vascular diseases, and hereditary nephritis can also lead to uremia. Once uremia occurs, patients often exhibit symptoms of general discomfort and may need to choose dialysis treatment, which can be either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, depending on individual circumstances.
Does uremia cause fever in its early stages?
Fever is not an early clinical manifestation in patients with uremia; therefore, patients in the early stages of uremia do not exhibit fever. Typically, in the early stages of uremia, patients only show symptoms such as fatigue, poor spirit, lack of appetite, and easy fatigue, and may experience edema, such as swelling of the eyes and facial area after waking up in the morning, making it difficult for patients to open their eyes, and swelling of the lower limbs. In addition, patients also exhibit high blood pressure, such as increased systolic and diastolic pressures, which are difficult to control. Patients often exhibit clinical symptoms such as dizziness and headache. Patients also experience a significant increase in the frequency of urination at night and an increase in urine output, which are all early manifestations of uremia.
How should uremia patients rest?
Adequate rest plays a very important role in the recovery of patients with uremia. If the condition of the uremia patient is in an acute phase, for example, if the patient feels palpitations, chest tightness, shortness of breath after activities, or even has obvious edema and high blood pressure, the patient should rest in bed and try to avoid getting out of bed. They should eat and take care of personal hygiene while in bed. If they feel chest tightness, they can also use oxygen. Once the condition of the uremia patient has stabilized, especially after undergoing hemodialysis treatment, and the symptoms of uremia have improved, they can rest out of bed and should ensure they get seven to eight hours of sleep daily. Only through sufficient sleep can the patient's mental state significantly improve. During the rest period, patients can also engage in appropriate recreational activities, such as outdoor walks, singing, and other activities.
Causes of Uremia
Uremia is a syndrome caused by the progressive development of various chronic kidney diseases, eventually leading to renal failure in patients, where the kidneys are unable to promptly eliminate excess water, various electrolytes, and toxins from the body. There are many causes of uremia; chronic nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertensive nephropathy are the most common causes. Other causes include chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, chronic obstructive nephropathy, toxic nephropathy, hereditary nephritis, renal vascular diseases, and lupus nephritis. Once uremia occurs, the preferred treatment is dialysis therapy, which can be either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Only after dialysis treatment can the life of a patient with uremia be prolonged.
Can holding urine cause uremia?
Generally speaking, holding urine does not lead to uremia, but if the bladder is overfilled, it can result in an inability to urinate. This can lead to acute renal dysfunction. After catheterization, the indicators of renal function can quickly return to normal. Therefore, we should try to avoid holding urine as much as possible and go to the bathroom promptly when we need to. This is something we should pay attention to in our daily lives.
Is high creatinine uremia?
High creatinine levels do not necessarily indicate uremia, but during uremia, creatinine levels will certainly increase. Clinically, we consider creatinine levels above 707 as uremia. Once uremia is diagnosed, treatment mainly involves renal replacement therapy or transplantation. Renal replacement therapy mainly includes hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice should be based on the patient's individual condition. Renal transplantation is currently the best treatment option, which can be done through relatives or donations. After a kidney transplant, one can live and work like a normal person, but long-term oral immunosuppressive medication is required.
Is uremia hereditary?
Uremia is not actually an independent disease, so it's difficult to say that uremia is hereditary. Uremia refers to a condition where the kidneys are 90% damaged. However, there are many reasons that can cause more than 90% of kidney tissue damage; among these, some are genetic diseases, but most are not hereditary. Common causes of hereditary uremia include diabetes, as well as primary chronic glomerulonephritis, hypertension, urinary system stones, and even prostate tumors, allergic purpura, etc., which can all cause kidney damage. These factors are generally not genetic diseases. However, there are very few causes of uremia that are genetic diseases, mainly including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
Is hematuria the same as uremia?
Hematuria is not the same as uremia; hematuria is merely a symptom with various causes such as infections of the urinary system, tumors, stones, or decreased coagulation function leading to blood in the urine. After experiencing hematuria, it is necessary to promptly visit a hospital's urology department for routine urine tests, ultrasonography of the urinary system, CT scans, urinary system imaging, or even a cystoscopy to determine the specific cause of the hematuria. Uremia, on the other hand, primarily refers to damage to kidney function, leading to decreased kidney function, which causes symptoms such as reduced urine output and localized edema in the body. If hematuria occurs or uremia is suspected, a detailed examination at the hospital's urology or nephrology department is required promptly.
Is uremia cancer?
Uremia is not cancer. Chronic kidney failure refers to the presence of various kidney diseases that lead to a progressive and irreversible decline in kidney function, culminating in a series of symptoms and metabolic disorders that form a clinical syndrome, commonly known as chronic kidney failure. The end stage of chronic kidney failure is what is often referred to as uremia. Uremia is not a separate disease, but a clinical syndrome common to various late-stage kidney diseases. It is a symptom consisting of a series of clinical manifestations that occur when chronic kidney failure enters its terminal stage. Typically, this includes disturbances in water and electrolyte acid-base metabolism, with metabolic acidosis and water-electrolyte imbalance being the most common.