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Hu Qi Feng
Pediatrics
About me
Since graduating in 2003, I have been working in pediatric clinical practice and have extensive experience in this field. In 2012, I completed a training program in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at the Children's Hospital in Hunan Province, focusing on respiratory management and mechanical ventilation for critically ill children, as well as the treatment of septic shock.
Proficient in diseases
Specializing in pediatric critical care, dedicated to rescuing and treating children with critical conditions such as respiratory failure, heart failure, shock, poisoning, etc., and has been involved in the treatment of severe cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease multiple times.
Voices
Tetralogy of Fallot Clinical Symptoms
The clinical manifestations of Tetralogy of Fallot include cyanosis, with cyanosis being the primary symptom. The severity of cyanosis is related to the extent of pulmonary stenosis and is commonly seen in areas rich in capillaries, such as the lips, fingertips, nail beds, and conjunctiva, where it appears more pronounced during physical activity or crying. Secondly, the squatting symptom is observed; children may show squatting behavior during walking or playing, often squatting down voluntarily for a moment. During squatting, the flexion of the lower limbs reduces the venous return to the heart, lightening the cardiac load and decreasing the right-to-left shunting, thereby alleviating hypoxia. Thirdly, clubbing of the fingers occurs due to long-term hypoxia, leading to hypertrophic growth at the fingertip and toe ends. Fourthly, paroxysmal hypoxic attacks occur.
What should I do about baby measles?
The main treatments for measles in infants include symptomatic treatment, enhanced care, and prevention of complications. Children with measles should rest in bed, maintain a suitable indoor temperature and air circulation, avoid strong light exposure, and ensure cleanliness of the skin, eyes, and mouth. Encourage them to drink plenty of water and provide easily digestible, nutritionally rich food. For fever, a small dose of antipyretic can be used as appropriate, but rapid fever reduction should be avoided, especially during the initial diagnosis period. Cough may be treated with nebulization and cough suppressants. It is necessary to supplement vitamins. Appropriate treatments should be given for complications, and antibiotics should be provided for secondary infections.
Early symptoms of measles in children
The initial manifestations of measles include: First, fever usually moderate or higher, with varying patterns. Second, symptoms of upper respiratory tract inflammation and conjunctivitis. Along with the fever, symptoms such as cough, sneezing, throat congestion, acute upper respiratory infections, conjunctival congestion, tearing, and photophobia can appear. Third, measles mucosal spots, also known as Koplik's spots, are an early specific sign of measles. They usually appear one to two days before the rash, initially located on the buccal mucosa opposite the lower molars as gray-white spots with a diameter of 0.5-1mm, surrounded by a red halo. They rapidly increase in number, extending over the entire buccal and lip mucosa, and may merge. They disappear one to two days after the rash appears. Fourth, other symptoms include general discomfort, decreased appetite, lethargy, and may also include vomiting and diarrhea.
Intestinal intussusception described by ultrasound.
The appearance of intussusception under ultrasound shows concentric or target ring-shaped mass images on a transverse section scan, and a sleeve sign on a longitudinal section scan. For an ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction, a balloon is inserted through the anus and inflated, connecting a T-tube to a Foley catheter with a side tube connected to a sphygmomanometer to monitor water pressure. Isotonic saline at a temperature of thirty to forty degrees is injected, and the target ring-shaped mass image can be seen retracting to the ileocecal region. The disappearance of the concentric circles or sleeve sign under ultrasound indicates the completion of this therapeutic diagnosis.
How to treat intussusception in infants
The treatment of intussusception mainly includes non-surgical and surgical methods. The non-surgical method involves enema treatment. Within 48 hours of the onset of intussusception, if the overall condition is good, there is no abdominal distension, no apparent dehydration, and no electrolyte disorders, ultrasound-guided hydrostatic enema, air enema, or barium enema can be performed. If the intussusception lasts more than 48 to 72 hours, or if the duration is shorter but the condition is severe, with intestinal necrosis or perforation, surgical treatment is required.
What to do about enteritis in a one-year-old baby
Most cases of enteritis are due to viral infections. The principles of treatment primarily involve diet adjustment, prevention and correction of dehydration, rational use of medication and enhanced nursing care, and preventing complications such as dehydration. Treatment of diarrhea varies with different stages; during the acute phase, it is important to maintain a balance of water and electrolytes, while prolonged and chronic diarrhea requires attention to intestinal flora imbalance and dietary adjustments. A minority of diarrhea cases are caused by bacterial infections, and if there is clear evidence of bacterial infection, appropriate antimicrobial drugs should be used.
Phenylketonuria lacks what enzyme?
Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene, which leads to reduced enzyme activity and the accumulation of phenylalanine and its metabolites in the body, resulting in disease. Phenylketonuria is the most common congenital disorder of amino acid metabolism, clinically characterized by developmental delays in intelligence, light pigmentation of the skin and hair, and a mousey odor to the urine. It is often due to a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase.
What causes mumps in children?
Mumps in children is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the mumps virus, characterized primarily by the enlargement of the salivary glands. It can be complicated by meningitis and pancreatitis. Clinically, it presents as mumps with symptoms including fever, headache, loss of appetite, and discomfort. Within 24 hours, pain beneath the earlobe occurs, with the center of the earlobe presenting a saddle-like shape, swelling accompanied by pain. The salivary glands shrink after four to five days, and the salivary duct appears red and swollen, which aids in diagnosis. Some children may also develop complications such as meningitis and pancreatitis. After the age of ten, male children may experience complications like orchitis.
How to take care of children with pneumonia
Children with pneumonia need comprehensive and general treatment, and care should be mindful of the following: First, indoor air should be circulated, with a temperature of 18~20°C and humidity at about 60%. Second, provide a nutrition-rich diet. For severe cases where the child has difficulty eating, parenteral nutrition can be given. Third, frequently change the child's position to reduce pulmonary congestion and facilitate the absorption of inflammation. Fourth, pay attention to isolation to prevent cross-infection. Additionally, it is important to monitor and supplement electrolytes and fluids, correct acidosis and electrolyte imbalances. Appropriately supplementing fluids helps moisten the airways, but care should be taken with the speed of fluid administration, as too fast a rate can increase the burden on the heart.
Does intussusception require a CT scan?
Intussusception is commonly diagnosed through routine abdominal ultrasound examinations, which have a positive rate of over 90%. In the ultrasound, the transverse section of the intussusception can show concentric circles or target ring-shaped mass images, and the longitudinal section may reveal the sleeve sign. Additionally, a barium enema can be employed, along with X-ray imaging. Under X-ray, the lead point of intussusception appears as a mass shadow, and air enema reduction treatment can be performed concurrently. Generally, CT is not used as a routine diagnostic tool.