Subscribe
25
Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
About me
Zhao Xinlan, female, Chief of the Endocrinology Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Chief Physician, and Master's Supervisor.
Serves as a member of the Elderly Endocrinology Group of the Geriatrics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Islet Cell Histology Committee of the Chinese Geriatrics Society, the Deputy Director of the Women's Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment Professional Committee of the Hunan Female Physicians Association, a member of the Diabetes Professional Committee of the Hunan Medical Association, a special medical insurance review expert in Hunan Province, and a member of the Hunan Province Medical Accident Appraisal Expert Database.
Has undertaken 3 provincial-level projects, won a Hunan Medical Science and Technology Progress Award (ranked third), and participated in more than 10 national and provincial-level projects, with over 10 professional papers published in SCI and other journals.
Proficient in diseases
Individualized precise treatment for diabetes, adrenal diseases, secondary hypertension, thyroid diseases, pregnancy endocrinology and other endocrine diseases diagnosis and treatment.
Voices
Hashimoto's thyroiditis symptoms
In the early stages, when the autoimmune destruction from Hashimoto's thyroiditis is not particularly severe and does not cause either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, there may be no symptoms at all. As the immune response intensifies and leads to increased destruction of thyroid cells, transient thyrotoxicosis can occur, resulting in symptoms such as heat intolerance, trembling hands, and palpitations. The duration of these symptoms is related to the severity of the destruction. Generally, symptomatic relief can be achieved by administering beta-blockers. In the later stages, when the destruction of thyroid function in Hashimoto's is exacerbated, leading to hypothyroidism, symptoms such as cold intolerance, fatigue, and hair loss may occur. (Medication should be used under the guidance of a professional doctor.)
Principles of treatment for hyperkalemia
First, to counteract the cardiac inhibitory effects of potassium, calcium salts can be injected, and sodium bicarbonate can be used to alkalinize the blood. Then, an infusion of hypertonic glucose and insulin can be administered to promote the internal movement of potassium ions. Secondly, to promote the excretion of potassium, diuretics can be used. The second method involves the use of cation exchange resins and sorbitol. The third method employs dialysis therapy, which can include both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The fourth method is to reduce the sources of potassium, stop a high potassium diet or the use of potassium-containing drugs. In cases of severe hyperkalemia, where there is a life-threatening emergency, urgent measures should be taken, primarily the intravenous administration of calcium ion antagonists to counteract the cardiac toxicity of potassium. In cases of severe arrhythmias or even cardiac arrest, emergency installation of a pacemaker or defibrillation can be carried out, and respiratory muscle paralysis may require ventilatory support. (Medication use should be under the guidance of a doctor)
Can thyroid cysts be treated with minimally invasive surgery?
When the cyst is smaller than 5cm, minimally invasive treatment can be used. Thyroid cysts are generally benign lesions and rarely become malignant. A thyroid cyst refers to a fluid-containing cystic structure in the thyroid, commonly known as a blister. This blister can be large or small, and is usually asymptomatic when small. For its treatment, when the cyst is smaller than 5cm, a minimally invasive procedure involving fine needle aspiration can be performed to withdraw fluid from the cyst, followed by the injection of anhydrous alcohol to close off the cyst cavity and prevent recurrence. However, if the cyst is larger than 5cm, surgical treatment is recommended for complete removal.
Do thyroid cysts require a special diet?
Thyroid cysts refer to fluid-containing sacs that appear in the thyroid gland. Generally, these cysts do not become malignant, and they do not present any clinical symptoms, nor do they cause hyperthyroidism. If the cyst is particularly large and compresses the local thyroid tissue, it generally does not lead to hypothyroidism. Therefore, there is generally no need for a special diet for thyroid cysts. However, some scholars believe that the formation of thyroid cysts is related to iodine deficiency, or they can also occur in areas with high iodine content. Hence, it is advisable to avoid consuming foods with particularly high iodine content.
What should I do if my thyroid cyst is painful?
Thyroid cysts generally do not have any clinical symptoms, but if untreated and continuously growing, there is a risk of hemorrhage within the cyst. Therefore, when a thyroid cyst becomes painful, it may be due to excessive internal pressure and bleeding inside the cyst, causing pain. At this point, it is necessary to go to the hospital emergency department for a comprehensive thyroid ultrasound to observe the size of the cyst, and to provide emergency surgical treatment or local puncture to aspirate the blood and relieve pain.
Can people with hypoglycemia eat meat?
Hypoglycemia refers to a condition where the concentration of glucose in the plasma is too low, below 2.8mmol/L, which is termed hypoglycemia. During hypoglycemia, it is first necessary to quickly replenish glucose to increase the concentration of glucose in the blood and alleviate the symptoms of hypoglycemia. During hypoglycemia, it is best to first eat sugary foods, such as sugar water, chocolate, cookies, fruit juice, etc., which can quickly increase low blood sugar. Eating meat can also improve symptoms of hypoglycemia, but since meat takes longer to be digested and converted into blood glucose by the stomach, it does not quickly relieve symptoms of hypoglycemia. It is best to eat sugar during hypoglycemia, although meat can also be consumed.
Where to massage for a thyroid cyst?
Thyroid cysts refer to fluid-filled sacs that appear in the thyroid gland. The current mechanisms of their development are not very clear and may be related to iodine metabolism, sex hormones, regional factors, dietary habits, and family history. Therefore, massaging will not provide any relief for thyroid cysts. Moreover, when the cysts are relatively large, massaging the affected area may induce the risk of bleeding from the thyroid cysts. Hence, if you have thyroid cysts, do not blindly resort to massage, as it not only lacks benefits but could also potentially lead to the rupture or enlargement of the cysts.
How to treat diabetic foot early
First of all, in the early stages of diabetes, it is necessary to control blood sugar to prevent the occurrence of diabetic foot. If diabetic foot has already appeared in the early stages of diabetes, then it is important to prevent the further development of diabetic foot into late-stage ulceration and gangrene. Firstly, proper care should be taken to avoid damage to the skin. Secondly, it is crucial to control blood sugar, complete examination of lower limb vascular ultrasonography or angiography, ascertain the extent of lower limb vascular lesions, and improve blood circulation. If there is an occlusion of the blood vessels in the lower limbs, surgical methods should be used as soon as possible to open the vessels and maintain blood supply, to prevent further deterioration.
Clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia
The clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia are not specific. Early symptoms often include numbness in the limbs, sensory abnormalities, extreme fatigue, and muscle pain. In severe cases, there can be difficulties in swallowing, speaking, and breathing, paralysis of the limbs, and tendon reflexes may disappear. The central nervous system may show signs of restlessness, fainting, and confusion. Some may experience a slow heart rate, ventricular fibrillation, and in the most severe cases, it can lead to cardiac arrest. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal symptoms.
How to diagnose cholecystitis?
Firstly, we can use physical examination to check. Acute cholecystitis will show tenderness in the upper right abdomen. If pressing below the right ribs causes significant pain, it is likely to be acute cholecystitis. Secondly, instrument examination can be utilized, with the most common and cost-effective being an ultrasound examination. When examining cholecystitis, fasting is required; no food should be consumed for at least eight hours. Additionally, modern CT scans or MRI can be used to help determine whether there is inflammation in the gallbladder. Blood tests can also be conducted; an increase in white blood cells in a routine blood test can indicate the presence of inflammation.