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Cui Fang Bo
Oncology
About me
Specializing in the clinical and scientific research of anticancer drugs, especially targeted therapies. Serving as the principal investigator, leading a project funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. As the first author, published multiple academic papers, including 6 English-language papers indexed in SCI, with the highest impact factor being 6.49.
Proficient in diseases
Treatment with anticancer drugs, especially the use of targeted therapy for tumors.
Voices
Is laser treatment or surgical removal better for melanoma?
Regarding whether laser treatment or surgical excision is better for melanoma, the answer is clear: surgical excision is better. Melanoma originates from melanocytes and is not limited to one layer of the skin. Therefore, for melanoma of the skin, the infiltration depth can sometimes be profound, reaching the dermis layer. Laser treatment sometimes only covers a superficial depth, which cannot achieve complete removal. Surgical excision can completely remove deeper infiltrative parts of the melanoma, and after the excision, complete tissues can be obtained for pathological examination, which helps in staging after the surgery and guides treatment post-surgery. Laser treatment does not offer these benefits. Therefore, current guidelines recommend surgical excision for the treatment of melanoma and do not recommend laser treatment.
What should be done after the complete removal of colon cancer?
After surgical removal of colon cancer, the postoperative treatment strategy should be determined based on the precise staging of the cancer according to the surgical pathology. If the colon cancer has invaded the mucosal layer and the submucosal layer, or the muscular layer, it is staged as stage I; postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is not required, and regular follow-up is sufficient. If the colon cancer reaches stage II or III, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is needed to reduce the risk of postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Stage IV colon cancer does not fall under the aforementioned conditions of clean removal of the cancer.
What is the likelihood of metastasis for colon cancer with a certain Ki-67 index?
Currently, the Ki67 index in colon cancer cannot be used as a predictive factor for metastasis. Ki67 reflects the proliferation index of the tumor and is related to the malignancy level of the tumor, but it is not possible to judge the risk of subsequent metastasis based on the Ki67 value. The factors that can be used to assess the risk of postoperative metastasis in colon cancer mainly include the depth of local invasion of the colon cancer, whether there is lymph node metastasis, and the presence of certain specific gene mutations. The deeper the invasion, the higher the risk of metastasis. Patients with lymph node metastasis have a higher risk of distant recurrence and metastasis compared to those without detected lymph node metastasis.
What are the abnormalities in blood indicators for pancreatic cancer?
Blood markers for pancreatic cancer often show multiple abnormalities. Pancreatic cancer itself can lead to an increase in related tumor markers. The two most common markers are carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, especially carbohydrate antigen 19-9, which has a certain specificity. If pancreatic cancer progresses further, leading to compression of the biliary system, corresponding jaundice indicators can increase. This includes an increase in total bilirubin and direct bilirubin, as well as alkaline phosphatase and gamma-GTP. The most common metastasis site for pancreatic cancer is the liver, and after liver metastasis occurs, corresponding liver transaminases can increase.
Is the alpha-fetoprotein high in the early stage of liver cancer?
Patients with liver cancer may not necessarily have elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the early stages. CEA, a commonly used tumor marker, tends to increase in various types of malignancies. However, an elevation in CEA is not necessarily linked to the occurrence of malignant tumors. Many patients with early-stage tumors, including liver cancer, may not have elevated CEA levels at diagnosis. Conversely, elevated CEA levels in some patients may be due to benign conditions and not necessarily indicate malignancy. Therefore, it is unreasonable to determine the presence of liver cancer solely based on the elevation of CEA.
What should I do if nasopharyngeal carcinoma causes vomiting?
Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who exhibit vomiting should first determine the cause of the vomiting. For instance, if vomiting is due to the gastrointestinal reactions caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, medications such as serotonin receptor antagonists, corticosteroids, and NK-1 receptor blockers should be used to alleviate the side effects of the treatment. Additionally, nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients might experience projectile vomiting due to brain metastasis, which results in increased intracranial pressure. It is essential first to confirm the presence of brain metastasis through CT and MRI scans of the head. If brain metastasis is confirmed, localized treatment such as radiotherapy should be administered. Medications like mannitol and glycerol fructose should be used concurrently to reduce intracranial pressure and relieve the projectile vomiting. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)
What fruits are good to eat for thyroid cancer?
Many fruits can be consumed by patients with thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer currently has a high incidence rate in our country. For patients suspected of having thyroid cancer, a thyroid nodule puncture can be performed. After the puncture, if diagnosed with thyroid cancer, surgery is the preferred treatment. Patients who have undergone surgery often suffer from malnutrition due to the surgical expenditure, and therefore, special attention should be paid to the arrangement of nutritional intake. In terms of nutritional intake, consuming fresh fruits and vegetables is a very good choice. There are no specific contraindications indicating that patients with thyroid cancer cannot eat certain foods. Also, when it comes to consuming fruits, many types of fruits are available for selection. It is important to note that one should avoid eating raw, cold, or spoiled fruits; other fresh fruits and vegetables can be consumed.
Will early-stage liver cancer cause a low-grade fever?
Patients with early-stage liver cancer may experience low-grade fevers, primarily due to the following two reasons: First, tumor fever. In the early stages of liver cancer, some tumor cells can release tumor mediators into the bloodstream, affecting the function of the temperature regulation center and causing the patient to develop a fever. This type of tumor fever is usually not very high, remaining below 38.5°C, without concurrent symptoms or signs of infection. A complete blood count typically indicates that the total number of white blood cells and the proportion of neutrophils are not elevated. The second scenario involves patients in the early stages of liver cancer experiencing fever due to concurrent infections. These patients often present with symptoms and signs related to infection, such as coughing up phlegm, abdominal pain and diarrhea, and urinary frequency, urgency, or pain. The proportion of white blood cells and neutrophils is significantly increased in these cases.
Early symptoms of breast cancer
The symptoms of early-stage breast cancer mainly include breast lumps, abnormal nipple discharge, and changes in breast skin. Breast cancer is a common type of malignant tumor among women in China, with adenocarcinoma being the most common pathological type, although other types can also be seen clinically. Patients exhibiting abnormal breast lumps, abnormal nipple discharge, and changes in breast skin should consider the possibility of breast cancer. Patients suspected of having breast cancer should undergo breast imaging tests, including mammography and breast MRI, among others. Patients in whom abnormal breast masses are found during imaging tests can obtain a definitive diagnosis by surgical removal or percutaneous biopsy. Patients diagnosed with breast cancer should undergo surgical treatment as soon as possible.
How to reduce fever in late-stage liver cancer
For late-stage liver cancer patients experiencing fever, antipyretic treatment should be based on different circumstances. If the fever is due to an infection, it often exceeds 39℃ and is accompanied by symptoms and signs related to the infection, such as cough and yellow sputum, abdominal pain, diarrhea, frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination. In such cases, antibiotics should be used for anti-infective treatment, along with antipyretic analgesics for fever reduction. If the fever is due to tumor fever or interventions like liver procedures, there are no infection-related factors, usually the temperature does not exceed 38.5℃, and there are no symptoms or signs related to infection. The treatment primarily involves the use of antipyretic analgesics for fever reduction.