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Wang Jian
Urology
About me
Male, associate chief physician, doctoral student, graduated from Harbin Medical University, specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of common and complex diseases in urology, especially in minimally invasive urology. Proficient in procedures such as transurethral plasma prostatectomy, transurethral resection of bladder tumors, percutaneous nephroscopy, and ureteroscopy.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of urological tumors, stones, and other urinary tract diseases, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of male diseases such as erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and prostatitis.
Voices
Is Stage 2 kidney cancer considered early stage?
Kidney cancer refers to a malignant tumor that occurs in the kidney. The causes of kidney cancer are not particularly clear at present, but are related to genetics, smoking, obesity, hypertension, and the treatment of hypertension. Most early-stage kidney cancer patients are found to have asymptomatic kidney cancer during health check-ups, and these patients account for more than 50% to 60% of all kidney cancer cases. Patients with kidney cancer generally experience back pain and hematuria, and some patients may present with an abdominal mass. Stage II kidney cancer is considered early-stage kidney cancer. For the treatment of kidney cancer, a clear diagnosis first requires a CT scan and enhanced CT of the kidney. The preferred treatment method for stage II kidney cancer is radical nephrectomy, which can be performed using laparoscopic surgery or traditional open surgery, with laparoscopic surgery primarily favored at present. After kidney cancer surgery, regular follow-ups are necessary to prevent distant metastasis. Therefore, post-operative check-ups should occur every 3 to 6 months for the first three years, followed by an annual follow-up thereafter. Hence, stage II kidney cancer, being early-stage, can be cured.
Will a stage 1 kidney cancer recurrence occur after nephrectomy?
Stage I kidney cancer generally belongs to early-stage kidney cancer, which usually presents no symptoms and is most often discovered during physical examinations. This is the case for more than 50%-60% of kidney cancers. The examination for kidney cancer also requires a CT scan of the kidney and an enhanced CT scan to confirm the diagnosis. If it is stage I, the cure rate through surgical removal is very high. Surgical operation is the first choice for treating kidney cancer and is recognized as a means to cure kidney cancer. Early-stage kidney cancer can be treated with laparoscopic or traditional open surgery, which involves a radical removal of the kidney. For patients with stage I kidney cancer, the five-year survival rate can reach about 92%. Post-surgery, regular follow-up visits are necessary to check for recurrence, metastasis, and new tumors. After surgery, stage I kidney cancer patients should have follow-up visits every three to six months for the first three years and annually thereafter. Stage I kidney cancer has a chance of being completely cured but also the possibility of recurrence, so regular follow-ups are essential.
Treatment Plans for Renal Cancer
The treatment principles for kidney cancer vary depending on the stage of the cancer. For localized or locally advanced kidney cancer, surgical treatment is primarily used. For advanced kidney cancer, a comprehensive medical treatment approach is mainly used. Surgical treatment is typically the first choice for treating kidney cancer and is currently recognized as a curative method. In early stages, kidney-sparing surgery or radical nephrectomy can be performed using either laparoscopic or open surgery. For mid to late-stage kidney cancer patients, radical nephrectomy is commonly performed as an open surgery. For advanced kidney cancer, treatment primarily involves medical management, which may include surgical removal of the affected kidney. Additionally, treatments can be supplemented with immunotherapy or targeted therapy to improve treatment efficacy. Therefore, different stages of kidney cancer require different treatment plans.
Is kidney stone surgery painful?
For the treatment of kidney stones, larger kidney stones or multiple stones, stag-horn stones might consider surgical treatment. There are two types of surgery, the first is percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which involves inserting a nephroscope through a puncture in the kidney to break up and expel the stones from the body; the second type of surgery is ureteroscopy, which does not require an incision, by entering the kidney through the urethra and ureter, and then breaking up the stones and expelling them from the body. Both surgical methods are performed under anesthesia, so the patient will not feel pain. However, pain after ureteroscopy is typically less than that after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which requires absolute bed rest post-operation, while ureteroscopy does not.
What department should I go to for urinary incontinence?
Urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary leakage of urine from the bladder, uncontrollable. There are many causes of urinary incontinence, categorized into stress incontinence, overflow incontinence, urge incontinence, and functional incontinence. If urinary incontinence occurs, it is advisable to visit a urologist and undergo some related examinations. The most common type among female patients is stress incontinence. For instance, urine might involuntarily leak during coughing, sneezing, or lifting heavy objects. This is associated with weak pelvic floor muscles, impaired function of the bladder sphincter or urethral sphincter, lack of coordination among these muscles, and a deficiency of estrogen. Urge incontinence is mainly seen in urinary tract infections, whereas overflow incontinence can be seen in conditions like prostate enlargement, urethral stricture, or neurogenic bladder.
Will there be metastasis after kidney cancer removal?
Currently, all malignancies tend to metastasize. Renal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the kidney in the urinary system. Generally, patients might not exhibit any symptoms in the early stages. The most common symptoms are usually back pain and hematuria, and some patients are diagnosed due to an abdominal mass. The primary treatment for renal cancer is surgical intervention, which is considered the preferred method and is believed to be potentially curative. For patients with stage I, II, III, and IV renal cancer, the survival rates decrease progressively. Patients with stage I and II renal cancer should have follow-ups every three to six months for three consecutive years after surgery, and then annually. Patients with stage III and IV renal cancer should have follow-ups every three months for two years post-treatment, then monthly in the third year, and annually thereafter. Early detection of metastasis is crucial for timely treatment. Therefore, even after nephrectomy, renal cancer might recur, and regular follow-ups are essential.
What should I do about bladder stone pain?
Bladder stones are most commonly found in male patients, typically seen in those with prostate enlargement or urethral stricture. Due to the slow urinary flow caused by prostate enlargement or urethral stricture, stones are easily formed. Additionally, foreign bodies in the urethra and infections can also lead to stone formation. Symptoms of bladder stones primarily include difficulty urinating, interrupted urination, painful urination, and blood in the urine. Pain from the stones can be treated with pain relief medications. Small bladder stones can be expelled from the body with increased physical activity and water intake. Larger bladder stones generally require surgical procedures to break and remove the stones.
What to eat for urethral stones?
The treatment of urethral stones depends on the size of the stone. If the stone is very small, it can be expelled from the body through increased physical activity and water consumption; generally, stones less than 0.4cm can be expelled. Larger stones may become lodged in the urethra, causing difficulty urinating or even urine retention. A urethral probe can be used to push the stone into the bladder, where it can then be broken up using surgery or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, and subsequently expelled from the body. If the urethral stone is very close to the urinary opening, it can also be directly removed with hemostatic forceps. Therefore, the dietary considerations for someone with a urethral stone depend primarily on the size and position of the stone, with most requiring repositioning into the bladder or surgery.
Can kidney cancer that has spread to the lungs be cured?
Kidney cancer usually reaches an advanced stage by the time it metastasizes to the lungs, leading to a generally low survival rate. For early and intermediate-stage kidney cancer patients, surgical treatment is typically employed. However, in advanced stages, especially when there are lung metastases, surgical methods are often not suitable. However, if the metastatic foci are small, it is still recommended to remove them surgically. Immunotherapy can be used for lung metastases, such as using interferon or targeted therapy. Targeted therapy tends to be effective, commonly using drugs like sorafenib and sunitinib for first-line or second-line treatment of metastatic kidney cancer. Although a complete cure is not possible, these treatments can significantly prolong the patient's lifespan, improve survival rates, and alleviate symptoms.
What is good to eat after kidney cancer surgery?
If kidney cancer is detected early, it can be cured through surgery. Unlike some malignant tumors, kidney cancer has good treatment outcomes. If the cancer is less than four centimeters in diameter, the five-year survival rate after surgery can exceed 90%. If it is less than seven centimeters, the five-year survival rate after surgery can also reach 80%. Even if the cancer has metastasized to distant sites, removing the kidney can still help the patient's survival. Therefore, the earlier the tumor is detected, the better the treatment outcomes. Kidney cancer surgery is generally done through laparoscopy or open surgery. Postoperative diet should be high in protein, fiber, and nutrients, as the healing of the kidney cancer incision also requires a solid nutritional foundation. It is necessary to eat less spicy and stimulating food, and to maintain a low-salt, low-fat diet. The most important thing for kidney cancer is to have regular follow-ups to understand the recovery situation and check for any recurrence or metastasis of the tumor.