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Tang Bo
Neurology
About me
Studied for a master's degree at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and currently works at Nanshan District People's Hospital in Shenzhen.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in neurology diseases related to cerebral infarction, myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, dizziness, migraines, and neurosis.
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Cerebral infarction X-ray manifestations
Brain infarction generally does not involve X-rays because X-rays primarily target bone issues, not brain tissue issues. If a brain infarction occurs, a cranial CT or MRI can be performed. In acute cases of sudden onset, a cranial CT is primarily used to exclude cerebral hemorrhage, as brain infarction typically does not show up in the acute phase. However, in cases of extensive brain infarction, changes might also appear on a CT during the acute phase. Additionally, after the acute phase, about 1 day or 24 hours later, brain infarctions generally appear as low-density shadows on a CT. On an MRI, in diffusion imaging, brain infarctions generally appear as high-density, high-signal areas, while they appear as low-signal areas in T1 imaging and high-signal areas in T2 imaging. It is also suggested to perform cranial magnetic resonance angiography to examine the status of the blood vessels.
Common clinical manifestations of stroke
Stroke includes ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, also known as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. The clinical manifestations of cerebral infarction depend on the location of the occlusion, and may vary accordingly. Common symptoms include slurred speech and limb weakness. It generally occurs acutely, and may also include memory decline or a series of other symptoms depending on the specific location of the occlusion. If these symptoms occur, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately, as there is an opportunity for thrombolytic treatment within 4.5 hours. In the case of cerebral hemorrhage, patients may experience symptoms during physical activity, possibly accompanied by severe headaches, as well as symptoms of neurological deficits such as unclear speech, limb weakness, or other symptoms. Seizures may also occur. It is essential to visit the hospital immediately if these symptoms appear. If cerebral hemorrhage is confirmed, the decision for surgical treatment depends on the amount of bleeding.
What should be paid attention to for facial neuritis?
Patients with facial neuritis usually have an acute onset, with facial nerve paralysis peaking within hours or days. It mainly manifests as paralysis of the facial expression muscles, disappearance of forehead lines, inability to frown, and incomplete closure of the eyelids. Therefore, patients with facial neuritis should pay attention to eye protection since the eyelids cannot close fully. Long-term exposure and drying of the cornea make it susceptible to infection. Therefore, it is necessary to wear an eye patch for protection or use some medicinal solutions to prevent infection and protect the cornea. Additionally, since there is a viral infection, patients should also avoid being chilled. In terms of diet, it is advisable to eat light food and avoid greasy, overly rich, or excessively spicy foods.
Myasthenia gravis initial symptoms
Myasthenia gravis is characterized by fluctuating and fatigue-prone muscle weakness in certain specific striated muscles. Symptoms are generally milder in the morning and more severe in the evening, worsening with continued activity and alleviating after rest. The most common initial symptom is weakness of the external eye muscles, primarily presenting as asymmetrical ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) or narrowing of the eye slit, along with diplopia, which refers to seeing double images. These are the most frequent initial symptoms, seen in over 50% of patients with myasthenia gravis. Additionally, some patients may experience disturbances in eye movement, facial muscle weakness, air leakage when puffing cheeks, incomplete eyelid closure, shallower nasolabial folds, as well as difficulty swallowing, speech articulation issues, choking while drinking, and potentially severe respiratory weakness.
Can lacunar infarction be treated?
Lacunar stroke is a type of cerebral infarction. It occurs due to long-term hypertension or other causes leading to arteriosclerosis in the small vessels inside the skull or other thrombus formations, leading to stroke. It is treatable, and the treatment is generally the same as for other types of strokes. Early on, depending on the patient’s condition, thrombolytic treatment can be chosen if it is within 4.5 hours from onset. However, if the symptoms are mild, the benefits and risks should be weighed. Treatment may also include antiplatelet therapy to improve circulation, lipid-lowering, and plaque stabilization. It is also necessary to tailor treatment to the individual patient and to further investigate whether there is significant narrowing of the vessels to guide prognosis.
Can someone with lacunar infarct work?
In cases where a lacunar stroke is discovered, it might be because symptoms have appeared, prompting a check-up that identifies the lacunar stroke. Such situations require proactive treatment; it is necessary to go to the hospital to decide when the treatment should end, after which one can continue working. If, however, a lacunar stroke is found during a routine physical exam without any symptoms, it might have been present for a while without causing any symptoms. In this scenario, one can continue working. However, regardless of the situation, it is advisable to further investigate the blood vessels to check the overall status of the vasculature.
Is a stroke a cerebral infarction?
Stroke includes cerebral infarction. Stroke is divided into ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Therefore, ischemic stroke is cerebral infarction, and hemorrhagic stroke is cerebral hemorrhage. Thus, one cannot say it is solely a cerebral infarction; it includes cerebral infarction. If symptoms of stroke appear, such as unclear speech or limb weakness, it might be either hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke. In such cases, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately. For hemorrhagic stroke, one should visit the neurosurgery department, and for ischemic stroke, the neurology department is appropriate. Initially, a CT scan should be performed to make a clear diagnosis.
How is epilepsy treated?
Epilepsy treatment can be divided into the following aspects: First is etiological treatment. If epilepsy is caused by tumors or cerebrovascular diseases, surgical removal of the lesion can relieve epilepsy, but seizures often still occur, so medication must not be stopped. Secondly, pharmacological treatment is necessary for epilepsy induced by unclear causes or genetic metabolic diseases. Treatment involves taking and adjusting medications under medical guidance, based on different types of seizures and individual patient circumstances. Additionally, for some cases where the cause cannot be clearly identified and no epileptic foci are found, functional surgery can be performed for treatment.
What should be paid attention to in daily life with facial neuritis?
If facial neuritis occurs, one should pay attention to eye care. Due to facial neuritis, eyelid closure may be incomplete, potentially allowing foreign objects or infections to enter the eye. Therefore, it is advisable to reduce outdoor activities, keep the eyes clean, and during social interactions, cover the affected eye with an eye patch or apply ophthalmic ointment to prevent conjunctival or corneal infections, while minimizing eye use. Regarding diet, some patients may experience disturbances in taste, so it is important to be mindful of the temperature of food, avoid hard food, and maintain oral hygiene.
What to eat for lacunar infarct.
Lacunar stroke is a type of cerebral infarction caused by small vessel disease that leads to the occlusion of cerebral vessels. Therefore, the dietary recommendations for lacunar stroke are similar to those for general stroke. For patients who are overweight, it is important to control body weight. It is recommended to reduce the intake of animal liver and other organ meats, as well as foods high in cholesterol or fat. It is advisable to consume high-quality proteins such as milk, duck, fish, and soy products. The intake of pork, beef, and lamb, especially fatty cuts, should be minimized and lean meats should be emphasized. Additionally, it is beneficial to consume more vitamin-rich foods such as tomatoes and fruits, and to increase the intake of vegetables. Diets should be light and avoid excessive salt intake to prevent hypertension, which can also lead to lacunar stroke.