What should I do if diabetic complications cause blindness from glaucoma?

Written by Gan Jun

Endocrinology

Updated on March 10, 2025

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For neovascular glaucoma caused by diabetes, anti-neovascular drugs can be injected into the vitreous cavity to cause the regression of new blood vessels, thereby achieving the goal of reducing intraocular pressure. If not treated promptly, it can cause permanent closure or adhesion of the angle, and surgery is required for treatment. If the lens swells causing secondary glaucoma, it will lead to the closure of the angle. Surgery is needed to remove the cloudy, swollen lens to achieve a reduction in intraocular pressure. Diabetes is prone to various complications, and it is crucial to pay attention to diet and exercise in the presence of diabetes; meanwhile, it is essential to control medication to maintain blood sugar within the ideal fluctuation range.

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Written by Li Zhen Dong

Ophthalmology

1min 13sec

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How to rule out glaucoma with high eye pressure?

Normal intraocular pressure ranges from 10-21mmHg. If it exceeds 21mmHg, it is considered to be increased intraocular pressure. Main symptoms of high intraocular pressure include eye distension, eye pain, tearing, photophobia, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, headache, etc. High intraocular pressure is a primary diagnostic criterion for glaucoma, but it is not the only standard. Glaucoma can be divided into primary glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, congenital glaucoma, and mixed glaucoma. Primary glaucoma can further be subdivided into open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma. Only during an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma does the intraocular pressure increase, whereas open-angle glaucoma generally does not affect intraocular pressure. Therefore, the diagnosis of glaucoma mainly relies on a comprehensive assessment of the angle of the anterior chamber, intraocular pressure, visual field, visual acuity, and the condition of the optic disc.

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Written by Li Zhen Dong

Ophthalmology

48sec

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Is vitreous opacity a precursor to glaucoma?

Vitreous opacities are not a precursor to glaucoma. Vitreous opacities can be divided into physiological and pathological types. Physiological vitreous opacities generally do not affect vision, and one may see variously shaped black shadows in front of the eyes. Pathological vitreous opacities can impact vision and should be further examined by an ophthalmologist. The precursors of glaucoma include eye pressure, eye pain, photophobia, tearing, relief after rest, and a decrease in vision, along with halos seen around lights. If these symptoms occur, active treatment should be sought. Glaucoma can be classified into primary, secondary, congenital, and mixed types.

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Written by Wang Hui Zhen

Ophthalmology

1min 22sec

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Early symptoms of glaucoma

There are many types of glaucoma, and the symptoms vary between different types. Some patients with glaucoma might not have noticeable symptoms in the early stages; others may only experience mild eye soreness and occasional blurred vision, which can improve with rest; some present with insidious vision decline and field defects. Glaucoma refers to a group of progressive optic nerve damage that eventually impairs vision, mainly associated with pathological elevation of intraocular pressure. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, and it is the top irreversible blinding eye disease. Common symptoms of glaucoma include blurry vision, vision decline, field defects, and acute attacks, often accompanied by eye pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, and more. If glaucoma symptoms occur, or there is a suspicion of glaucoma, it is advised to visit an ophthalmology clinic for comprehensive examinations like visual acuity, intraocular pressure, fundus examinations, etc., to determine the cause and provide targeted treatment, actively reduce intraocular pressure, and protect the optic nerve.

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Written by Peng Xi Feng

Ophthalmology

1min 10sec

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What are the symptoms of glaucoma precursor?

The prodromal phase of glaucoma is characterized by transient or recurrent attacks, often occurring multiple times, typically in the evenings. During an attack, patients suddenly experience blurred vision and halos around lights, possibly accompanied by pain in the forehead on the affected side or a sour swelling at the root of the nose on the same side. These symptoms are short-lived and can resolve or disappear after rest. If examined immediately, increased intraocular pressure can be detected, often above 40 mmHg, with slight conjunctival congestion or no congestion. There is mild foggy edema in the corneal epithelium. The anterior chamber is extremely shallow, but the aqueous humor is clear, with a wide closure of the chamber angle, slightly dilated pupils, and sluggish light reflexes. After a minor attack subsides, aside from the characteristic shallow anterior chamber, there generally is no permanent tissue damage.

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Written by Zheng Xin

Ophthalmology

41sec

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Does glaucoma require surgery?

There are many types of glaucoma, such as primary angle-closure glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma, and normal-tension glaucoma. Once glaucoma is definitively diagnosed, medication can be used first to control intraocular pressure. If medications cannot control the pressure, surgery may be considered. However, generally, if it is early stage, and there is no damage to vision or visual field, with not very high intraocular pressure, medication can be considered first. If the intraocular pressure remains very high, medication fails to stabilize it, and there is a decline in vision or damage to the visual field, then surgery is needed.