What can you eat to lower high blood pressure?

Written by Chen Tian Hua
Cardiology
Updated on November 22, 2024
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Patients with hypertension may experience some reduction in blood pressure by consuming certain vegetables and fruits, such as celery, winter melon, spinach, kiwifruit, hawthorn, and bananas. Additionally, drinking some types of tea, like kuding tea, Eucommia tea, Apocynum tea, and kudzu root tea, can also help lower blood pressure. However, these effects are not very strong and these items should not be relied upon for blood pressure treatment. Patients with hypertension need to adopt standardized treatment methods for long-term blood pressure control, actively improve their lifestyle, and choose appropriate first-line antihypertensive medications for long-term treatment. It is essential to maintain blood pressure control to prevent adverse outcomes caused by hypertension and improve prognosis.

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What is the blood pressure in a hypertensive crisis?

Hypertensive crisis is a relatively urgent medical condition in clinical settings. Its diagnostic criterion is a diastolic pressure greater than 130 mmHg. Naturally, the higher the blood pressure, the greater the threat. A hypertensive crisis can lead to many clinical symptoms, such as acute left heart failure, dizziness, headache, cerebral hemorrhage, and acute renal failure. The most common causes of hypertensive crisis are primary or secondary hypertension, which, under certain specific circumstances, lead to uncontrollably high blood pressure and related clinical symptoms. The focus of treatment is on controlling the blood pressure and choosing different treatment plans for complications. For instance, in the case of heart failure, vasodilators and diuretics may be used for symptomatic treatment.

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Difference between hypertensive crisis and hypertensive encephalopathy

Hypertensive crisis, now referred to as hypertensive emergency, includes hypertensive encephalopathy. It mainly refers to cases where, under certain triggers, the blood pressure of patients with primary or secondary hypertension suddenly or significantly rises, typically exceeding 180/120 mmHg, accompanied by progressive failure of critical target organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. Hypertensive emergencies include hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, acute heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, aortic dissection, etc. Hypertensive encephalopathy is characterized by symptoms caused by hypertension, such as headache, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, and severe edema of the head.

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The difference between hypertensive crisis and hypertensive encephalopathy

Both hypertensive encephalopathy and hypertensive crisis involve a rapid increase in blood pressure, symptoms of headache, restlessness, nausea and vomiting, palpitations, shortness of breath, and blurred vision, with systolic pressure increasing to 200 mmHg and diastolic pressure to 120 mmHg, typically presenting similar clinical blood pressure readings. The main difference between the two is that hypertensive encephalopathy is based on excessively high blood pressure in patients with severe hypertension. Furthermore, hypertensive encephalopathy can lead to clinical signs of cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure, whereas hypertensive crisis occurs when blood pressure suddenly rises over a short period, causing symptoms due to excessive secretion of catecholamines driven by increased sympathetic nervous excitement.

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What is the difference between hypertensive nephropathy and renal hypertension?

There are fundamental differences between hypertensive nephropathy and nephrogenic hypertension. Firstly, hypertensive nephropathy occurs due to long-term high blood pressure, leading to complications in the kidneys. Generally, the history of hypertension exceeds ten years, and routine urine tests reveal a relatively small amount of protein in the urine. The main damage lies in the renal tubules, whose reabsorption and concentration functions are impaired. The primary treatment is to control the blood pressure well, possibly in conjunction with medication to protect the kidneys. On the other hand, nephrogenic hypertension originates from nephritis causing high blood pressure and is a form of secondary hypertension. In this condition, controlling blood pressure is particularly challenging. Usually, a significant amount of antihypertensive medication is required. Dietary considerations include a low salt and low fat diet, with daily salt intake limited to about three grams, maintaining regular schedules, and avoiding catching colds.

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What to eat for high blood pressure

Patients with hypertension need to regularly take antihypertensive medication to bring their blood pressure within the normal range. In daily life, dietary adjustments should be made, avoiding foods high in fats such as fatty meat from animals, offal, fried foods, and sweets. Instead, consume more vegetables high in dietary fiber, vitamins, and trace minerals. Suitable vegetables for people with hypertension include celery, spinach, mung bean sprouts, black fungus, water chestnuts, onions, carrots, winter melon, and Chinese cabbage.