Does sciatica cause numbness in the legs?

Written by Guan Jing Tao
Orthopedics
Updated on December 30, 2024
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Sciatica can cause sensory abnormalities in one lower limb and even lead to muscle weakness. It can also cause numbness and sensory abnormalities on the dorsum or sole of the foot. However, foot numbness should first exclude causes like exposure to cold or poor blood circulation in the lower limbs. After excluding other causes of foot numbness, it can be diagnosed as sciatica-induced symptoms such as foot numbness. At this time, it is advisable to actively nourish the nerves and avoid certain postures that may aggravate sciatica. Additionally, sciatica can also be caused by lumbar disc herniation, or simply by the local compression of the sciatic nerve in its course.

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Written by Na Hong Wei
Orthopedics
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Can sciatica be cured completely?

Sciatica is difficult to cure completely. If it is primary sciatica, which is caused by inflammation of the sciatic nerve, there is a possibility of complete cure after medical treatment. However, secondary sciatica is generally difficult to completely cure because it is usually caused by spinal diseases, such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or even spondylolisthesis. In such cases, even after solving the primary disease, some problems may persist, continuing to stimulate the sciatic nerve, making it difficult to cure completely. If the sciatica is caused by spinal tuberculosis or a spinal tumor, the situation is even more complicated. Even if the primary lesion is resolved, it cannot guarantee that it will not recur. Therefore, sciatica is difficult to cure completely.

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Written by Na Hong Wei
Orthopedics
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What causes sciatica?

The causes of sciatica generally fall into two categories. The first is primary sciatica, which is usually caused by inflammation of the sciatic nerve and is relatively rare in clinical practice. The second category is secondary sciatica, which occurs when the tissues and structures around the sciatic nerve undergo pathological changes, leading to stimulation and compression of the sciatic nerve, thus causing secondary sciatica. The majority of secondary sciatica cases are associated with lumbar spine disorders, such as lumbar disc herniation, tumors in the lumbar spinal canal, or degenerative joint disease of the lumbar spine, as well as sacroiliitis. A hospital examination is necessary to make a definitive diagnosis.

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Written by Na Hong Wei
Orthopedics
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What does sciatica cause?

Sciatica generally causes changes in six aspects. The first is pain, which mainly occurs along the distribution area of the sciatic nerve, including the back of the thigh, the posterior and lateral sides of the calf, and the lateral side of the foot and sole. I have seen a patient with severe sciatica who had to stay in bed with his head down and buttocks up to minimize spinal canal pressure, finding some relief only in this position. The second change is a decrease in muscle strength, which can even lead to muscle atrophy. The third aspect involves the pathway of the sciatic nerve, including the exit of the piriformis muscle, with tenderness and percussion pain along the course of the nerve. The fourth aspect includes symptoms of sciatic nerve traction, which involves positive results in straight leg raise tests and cross-legged tests. The fifth point is a weakened or absent Achilles reflex, due to the sciatic nerve's innervation of the muscles on the back of the thigh, leading to a decrease or disappearance of the Achilles reflex. The sixth point is abnormal sensations in the area innervated by the sciatic nerve, including reduced or lost sensations or mild sensory disturbances.

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Written by Na Hong Wei
Orthopedics
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How to treat sciatica?

For sciatica, conservative treatment methods should first be adopted, which include the following five points: The first is general treatment; as soon as sciatica appears, immediately rest in bed, and the bed should be relatively hard. Second, you can apply heat to the lumbar area, use physical therapy, or acupuncture. Third, lumbar traction can be performed, which has a very clear effect in alleviating sciatica. Fourth, consider performing an intradiscal injection or sacral injection therapy, and chemical nucleolysis can also be performed. After the above treatments, if the symptoms and pain are reduced, you can start functional exercises for the lower back muscles. Functional exercises of the lower back muscles play a significant role in enhancing the stability of the lumbar spine. If the effect of the aforementioned treatments is not significant, or if the symptoms worsen, then surgical treatment may be necessary at this time.

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Written by Lv Yao
Orthopedics
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What is the fastest way to treat sciatica?

When pain occurs in the sciatic nerve, the first thing we need to consider is whether it is caused by degeneration of the intervertebral disc. Accompanied by the rupture of the fibrous ring, it protrudes and compresses the nerve root, causing pain and numbness in the lower limbs, and even limited mobility. Once sciatic nerve pain occurs, it is essential to identify the cause so that treatment can begin as soon as possible. If it is due to degeneration of the intervertebral disc, early stages can involve back exercises and appropriate medication to alleviate these symptoms. For example, sleeping on a firm bed, wearing a lumbar support during activities, minimizing sitting time, or avoiding bending over to pick things up. Additionally, you can perform exercises like the "bird flying" and the "plank bridge" for back muscle training to help reduce pain symptoms. If these do not alleviate the pain, pain relief or anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed for symptomatic treatment.