Manifestations of seborrheic dermatitis

Written by Xie Ming Feng
Dermatology
Updated on September 18, 2024
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Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrheic eczema, is a chronic papular and scaly superficial inflammatory skin disease that occurs in areas of sebaceous secretion. It may be accompanied by varying degrees of itching. It commonly affects areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the head, face, chest, and back. Initially, the skin lesions are follicular papules, which gradually merge into dark red or yellow-red plaques. These are covered with greasy scales or crusts, and might exhibit exudation, crusting, and erosion, showing eczematous changes. In severe cases, the lesions may become widespread throughout the body, with the skin appearing diffusely flushed and significantly flaky. This condition is then referred to as seborrheic erythroderma. The disease is chronic and recurrent.

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Written by Liu Jing
Dermatology
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What is seborrheic dermatitis?

Seborrheic dermatitis is a diagnosis commonly affecting areas with excess sebum secretion such as the scalp, face, chest, and back. It frequently occurs in young adults and is associated with inflammatory reactions. It requires enhanced cleaning of the scalp and trunk skin, avoiding various irritants, and providing anti-inflammatory treatments and regulation of lipid metabolism. Dietary restrictions typically include avoiding spicy, stimulating, and high-calorie foods, while increasing the intake of green vegetables and coarse fibers. Oral medications such as compound glycyrrhizin tablets, vitamin B6 tablets, niacin tablets, and doxycycline hydrochloride capsules are recommended. For skin lesions, topical application of tacrolimus ointment or pimecrolimus cream, and dibenzoyl hydroxy acid cream are advised, with an emphasis on avoiding the use of steroid medications to prevent difficult-to-control symptoms. (Please follow medical advice when using medication.)

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Written by Xie Ming Feng
Dermatology
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How is seborrheic dermatitis formed?

Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrheic eczema, is a chronic papular and scaly superficial inflammatory skin disease that occurs in areas where sebum is excessively secreted. It commonly affects areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the head, face, and trunk, and is more frequently seen in adults and newborns, often accompanied by itching of varying degrees. The exact cause of this disease is not completely understood; however, it is generally believed to be related to an increase in sebum secretion or changes in its chemical composition. Additionally, colonization and infection by Malassezia yeast play a certain role. Other factors such as mental stress, diet, deficiency in B vitamins, and alcohol abuse also influence the occurrence and progression of the disease to varying extents.

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Written by Xie Ming Feng
Dermatology
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Seborrheic dermatitis facial symptoms

Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrheic eczema, is a chronic papular and scaly superficial inflammatory skin disease that occurs in areas where sebum is secreted, and it can be accompanied by itching of varying degrees. The causes of the disease are generally believed to be related to increased sebum secretion or changes in the chemical composition of the sebum. It is also associated with colonization and infection by Malassezia yeast. Factors such as stress, diet, deficiency of B vitamins, and alcohol consumption can also affect the onset and progression of the disease to varying degrees. When seborrheic dermatitis occurs on the face, its symptoms primarily manifest as initial follicular papules that gradually merge and expand into dark red or yellowish-red patches. These patches have oily or dry scales and in severe cases may exhibit exudation, crusting, erosion, presenting eczema-like changes.

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Written by Xie Ming Feng
Dermatology
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Why does seborrheic dermatitis keep recurring?

Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrheic eczema, is a chronic, superficial, papular, scaly inflammatory skin disease that occurs in areas where sebum is excessively secreted, and can be accompanied by varying degrees of itching. The causes of the disease are generally believed to be related to an increase in sebum secretion or changes in the chemical composition of sebum, as well as colonization and infection by Malassezia yeast. Additionally, factors such as mental stress, diet, alcohol consumption, deficiency of B vitamins, fatigue, emotional stress, and infections can all affect the occurrence and development of the disease to varying degrees. Due to the complex causes and numerous triggers of seborrheic dermatitis, it has a chronic course and can recur repeatedly.

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Written by Xie Ming Feng
Dermatology
1min 31sec home-news-image

What medicine to take orally for seborrheic dermatitis?

Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrheic eczema, is a chronic, superficial inflammatory skin disease characterized by papular and scaly lesions predominantly occurring in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the head, face, and trunk, often accompanied by varying degrees of itching. The exact causes of the condition are not fully understood, but it is generally believed to be associated with an increase in sebum secretion or changes in its chemical composition, as well as colonization and infection by Malassezia yeast. Factors such as stress, diet, alcohol consumption, and deficiency in B vitamins can also affect the occurrence and development of the disease to different extents. Therefore, there are not many systemic pharmacological treatments available for seborrheic dermatitis clinically. Main treatments include oral administration of vitamin B2, vitamin B6, complex vitamin B, or zinc-containing preparations. Antipruritic sedatives may be administered orally when itching is severe. Oral itraconazole can be used for fungal infections or widespread lesions, and oral tetracycline, erythromycin, etc., can be used for bacterial infections. In severe, widespread cases, or when there is a tendency towards erythroderma, short-term use of steroids may be necessary.